Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants (by Study Phases).
| Active followed by control masked | Control masked followed by active | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 54.5 ± 9.7 | 57 ± 12.2 | .32 |
| Sex | .025 | ||
| Female, n (%) | 17 (43) | 27 (68) | |
| Male, n (%) | 23 (58) | 13 (33) | |
| Body weight, kg | 99.4 ± 25.4 | 87.7 ± 23.8 | .06 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 33.3 ± 7.04 | 31.5 ± 8.09 | .16 |
| Race, Blacks, n (%) | 37 (93%) | 36 (90%) | .24 |
| Duration of diabetes, median, years (Q1, Q3) | 10 (4.5, 18.5) | 10 (5-15) | .67 |
| HbA1c, % | 9.12 ± 1.71 | 9.34 ± 1.35 | .35 |
| Annual income under $20,000/year, n (%) | 26 (65) | 27 (68) | .81 |
| Anti-diabetic medications, n (%) | |||
| Metformin | 28 (70) | 30 (75) | .81 |
| Secretagogues | 4 (10) | 7 (18) | .52 |
| Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors (DPPIVi) | 10 (25) | 6 (15) | .40 |
| Sodium-glucose loop transporters 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) | 6 (15) | 5 (13) | 1.0 |
| Thiazolidiones (TZD) | (2.5) | 1 (2.5) | 1.0 |
| Basal insulin (Glargine, Detemir, NPH) | 40 (100) | 40 (100) | 1.0 |
*
All data are presented in mean ± SD, unless otherwise stated.