Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| ASD (n = 42) |
TD (n = 36) |
p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Range | Mean ± SD | Range | ||
|
| |||||
| Age (months) | 31.9 ± 12.2 | 17–67 | 27.6 ± 13.8 | 15–64 | 0.18 |
| % Femalea | 25% | 52% | 0.01 | ||
| % Hispanica | 43% | 18% | 0.02 | ||
| % Mothers with college educationa | 47% | 79% | 0.001 | ||
| Income-to-needs ratio | 4.6 ± 2.6 | 0.2–9.4 | 4.5 ± 3.2 | 0.3–9.3 | 0.15 |
| MSEL ELC | 73.6 ± 18.0 | 49–107 | 105.4 ± 16.2 | 80–143 | < 0.001 |
| SCQ total | 16.0 ± 7.5 | 3–35 | 4.5 ± 3.2 | 0–11 | < 0.001 |
| ADOS-2 total | 15.9 ± 5.5 | 6–22 | – | – | – |
Income-to-Needs Ratio (INR) was derived by dividing the household income by the federal poverty threshold defined by family size; an INR of one indicates living at the federal poverty line, which according to the 2019 US government official poverty definition was $25,750/year for a family of four
MSEL Mullen Early Learning Scale ELC Early Learning Composite, Standard Score SCQ Social Communication Scale ADOS-2 Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd Edition
a
Values denote counts and corresponding χ2 p values. Remaining comparisons reflect two-sample t tests and corresponding p values