TABLE 3.
Primary and Secondary Outcomes of the Systematic Reviewa
| Outcomea | No. of Trials (Events–Patients) | Measure of Effect | Effect Estimate (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 90-d mortality | 3 (1,421–3,357) | RR | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) |
| 90-d mortality, adjusted | 3 (1,421–3,357) | OR | 0.93 (0.85–1.01) |
| Secondary | |||
| In-ICU mortality | 3 (1,036–3,343) | RR | 0.96 (0.87–1.06) |
| In-hospital mortality | 3 (1,373–3,376) | RR | 0.95 (0.88–1.03) |
| 28-d mortality | 3 (1,215–3,357) | RR | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) |
| 60-d mortality | 2 (1,038–2,581) | RR | 0.95 (0.86–1.04) |
| 180-d mortality | 1 (46–118) | RR | 0.89 (0.56–1.39) |
| Resuscitation and interventions | |||
| Acute kidney injury (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes stage 3)b | 2 (385–3,358) | RR | 1.10 (0.93–1.29) |
| Receipt of early RRTc | 3 (920–3,351) | RR | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) |
| RRT-free days (to day 28) | 3 (3,351–3,351) | MD | 1.08 (0.19–1.96) |
| Duration of RRT (d)c | 3 (3,351–3,351) | MD | –0.03 (–0.32 to 0.25) |
| ICU survivorsc | 3 (2,307–2,307) | MD | –0.00 (–0.33 to 0.32) |
| ICU nonsurvivorsc | 3 (1,036–1,036) | MD | 0.27 (–0.81 to 1.35) |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (d) | 3 (3,329–3,329) | MD | –0.09 (–0.70 to 0.53) |
| ICU survivors | 3 (2,296–2,296) | MD | –0.33 (–1.06 to 0.41) |
| ICU nonsurvivors | 2 (1,025–1,025) | MD | 0.16 (–0.91 to 1.24) |
| Ventilator-free days (to day 28) | 3 (3,351–3,351) | MD | 0.71 (–0.13 to 1.54) |
| Proportion receiving blood products | 2 (459–893) | RR | 0.89 (0.57–1.38) |
| Blood products quantity/volumed | 2 (893–893) | SMD | 0.11 (–0.02 to 0.24) |
| Cumulative fluid balancee | 3 (3,408–3,408) | SMD | –0.01 (–0.16 to 0.13) |
| New-onset supraventricular arrhythmia | 3 (90–3,476) | OR | 0.55 (0.36–0.86) |
| New-onset ventricular arrhythmia | 3 (61–3,476) | OR | 0.97 (0.58–1.61) |
| Mesenteric ischemia | 3 (44–3,476) | OR | 0.91 (0.50–1.66) |
| Digit or limb or skin ischemia | 3 (30–3,476) | OR | 1.15 (0.56–2.36) |
| Myocardial ischemia | 3 (49–3,476) | OR | 0.73 (0.41–1.31) |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 1 (73–776) | OR | 1.39 (0.86–2.26) |
| Vasopressor extravasation | 1 (0–118) | OR | Not estimable (zero events) |
| Quality of life | 1 (494–494) | MD | –0.01 (–0.05 to 0.03) |
| Neurologic outcomef | 2 (559–559) | SMD | –0.15 (–0.32 to 0.02) |
MD = mean difference, OR = odds ratio, RR = risk ratio, RRT = renal replacement therapy, SMD = standardized mean difference.
The following prespecified secondary outcomes were not available: Longer-term mortality (i.e., > 1 to 2 yr; > 2 to 5 yr) and proportion receiving late RRT.
In Asfar et al (27), this was defined as a doubling of plasma creatinine levels. In Lamontagne et al (4), this was defined as severe acute renal failure in ICU reported as a serious adverse event.
In Asfar et al (27), RRT follow-up time period varied (0–7 d for all participants and up to 28 d for some; the best overall estimate is presented here). In Lamontagne et al (28) and Lamontagne et al (4), RRT was measured to ICU discharge.
In Asfar et al (27), the number of packed RBC units transfused was reported. In Lamontagne et al (28), blood products requirement by volume while in ICU (mL) was reported.