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. 2023 Jan 13;45(1):2152693. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2022.2152693

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — Effects of different types of interventions on serum creatinine. (A) Effects of probiotics on serum creatinine. (B) Effects of prebiotics on serum creatinine. (C) Effects of synbiotics on serum creatinine.