Table 2.

Relative risk (RR) of change in financial and employment circumstances associated with pre-pandemic psychological distress trajectories in the NCDS and BCS70 during the COVID-19 pandemic

Outcomes during COVID Ref: No symptoms	NCDS (n = 15,291)				BCS70 (n = 16,128)
	Stable low	Adult onset	Midlife onset	Stable high	Early-adult onset	Adult onset	Midlife onset	Stable high
Current financial situation (May 2020)
Better off	1.00 [0.78, 1.28]	1.00 [0.74, 1.35]	0.93 [0.69, 1.25]	0.73 [0.52, 1.03]	0.87 [0.67, 1.13]	1.24 [0.96, 1.44]	1.07 [0.80, 1.44]	1.00 [0.74, 1.37]
A little worse off	1.06 [0.90, 1.25]	1.04 [0.79, 1.37]	1.10 [0.87, 1.37]	1.09 [0.88, 1.35]	0.79 [0.59, 1.06]	1.34 [0.95, 1.89]	1.24 [0.93, 1.64]	1.39 [1.03, 1.89]
Much worse off	1.22 [0.93, 1.59]	1.66 [1.21, 2.45]	1.17 [0.78, 1.75]	1.73 [1.09, 2.75]	1.17 [0.84, 1.64]	1.29 [0.82, 2.02]	1.18 [0.82, 1.70]	1.89 [1.29, 2.77]
Current financial situation (Sep/Oct 2020)
Better off	0.88 [0.72, 1.08]	0.90 [0.67, 1.20]	0.79 [0.62, 1.01]	0.83 [0.65, 1.06]	0.77 [0.62, 0.95]	0.99 [0.74, 1.34]	0.91 [0.69, 1.20]	0.72 [0.56, 0.93]
A little worse off	1.20 [0.99, 1.45]	1.21 [0.92, 1.59]	1.23 [0.96, 1.58]	1.54 [1.17, 2.03]	1.13 [0.88, 1.46]	1.02 [0.74, 1.39]	1.07 [0.77, 1.49]	1.10 [0.82, 1.46]
Much worse off	1.15 [0.85, 1.57]	1.48 [1.04, 2.10]	1.16 [0.81, 1.66]	1.93 [1.31, 2.84]	1.25 [0.86, 1.81]	1.99 [1.30, 3.05]	1.70 [1.17, 2.46]	2.48 [1.71, 3.59]
Current financial situation (Feb/March 2021)
Better off	0.96 [0.82, 1.13]	1.09 [0.85, 1.39]	0.89 [0.73, 1.09]	0.75 [0.60, 0.92]	0.96 [0.78, 1.17]	0.87 [0.69, 1.10]	0.96 [0.76, 1.22]	0.78 [0.59, 1.02]
A little worse off	0.98 [0.83, 1.15]	1.20 [0.95, 1.51]	0.89 [0.70, 1.13]	1.27 [1.01, 1.60]	1.28 [0.96, 1.70]	1.23 [0.92, 1.64]	1.11 [0.87, 1.41]	1.31 [1.03, 1.66]
Much worse off	1.02 [0.78, 1.32]	1.60 [1.20, 2.14]	1.50 [1.15, 1.96]	2.10 [1.57, 2.81]	1.34 [1.00, 1.79]	1.36 [1.00, 1.85]	1.77 [1.29, 2.43]	2.08 [1.62, 2.65]
Change in employment status (March–May 2020)
Work–furlough	1.22 [0.93, 1.59]	1.66 [1.12, 2.45]	1.17 [0.78, 1.75]	1.73 [1.09, 2.75]	1.24 [0.92, 1.67]	1.05 [0.83, 1.33]	1.27 [0.98, 1.66]	1.31 [0.99, 1.73]
Work–not work	1.06 [0.90, 1.25]	1.04 [0.79, 1.37]	1.10 [0.87, 1.38]	1.09 [0.88, 1.35]	0.73 [0.33, 1.62]	1.45 [0.66, 3.17]	0.89 [0.35, 2.28]	1.39 [0.65, 2.94]
Change in employment status (March–Sept/Oct 2020)
Work–furlough	1.05 [0.75, 1.48]	1.09 [0.67, 1.77]	1.14 [0.82, 1.58]	1.64 [1.09, 2.47]	0.84 [0.54, 1.32]	2.02 [1.28, 3.21]	1.22 [0.75, 1.97]	1.81 [1.13, 2.91]
Work–not work	1.38 [0.96, 1.99]	1.35 [0.85, 2.13]	1.23 [0.88, 1.71]	1.49 [0.89, 2.49]	0.99 [0.57, 1.74]	1.25 [0.79, 1.97]	1.12 [0.69, 1.81]	1.73 [1.02, 2.93]
Change in employment status (March 2020–Feb/Mar 2021)
Work–furlough	0.75 [0.56, 0.99]	1.45 [1.09, 1.93]	1.03 [0.78, 1.37]	1.95 [1.45, 2.63]	0.88 [0.65, 1.17]	1.36 [1.02, 1.81]	1.21 [0.89, 1.65]	1.20 [0.87, 1.64]
Work–not work	1.07 [0.85, 1.35]	1.55 [1.17, 2.03]	1.14 [0.83, 1.57]	1.27 [0.85, 1.91]	1.32 [0.76, 2.29]	1.61 [0.85, 2.45]	1.44 [0.85, 2.45]	2.00 [1.18, 3.38]

Parameters are adjusted for sex, breastfed, mother smoked during pregnancy, gestation period, birthweight, parental social class at 0, parental education at 0, parental income, housing tenure at 7/5, access to house amenities at 7/5, total household income at 0, crowding at age 0, 7/5 and 11/10, parents marital status at 0, maternal age at birth, mother worked in first five years, separated from child for more than a month < age 5, read to at 7/5, CM wet the bed at 7/5, had any medical conditions at 7/5, Body Mass Index (BMI) at 11/10, and cognitive ability at 7/5 and 11/10

RRR Relative Risk ratio, 95% CIs 95% confidence intervals