1	Plants unarmed	Anonychium
–	Plants usually armed with stipular spines, axillary solitary or paired uninodal cauline spines, spinescent shoots or internodal prickles	2
2	Plants armed with internodal prickles on shoots and/or stems, petals glabrous	3
–	Plants armed with stipular spines, axillary solitary or paired uninodal spines or spinescent shoots, petals villous or pilose	4
3	Fruits indehiscent, cylindrical or subterete, with a pulpy or fibrous mesocarp, largest leaflets < 1.5 × 1 cm, mature stems with scattered prickles	Prosopis
–	Fruits dehiscent, plano-compressed, coriaceous, lacking a thick mesocarp, larger leaflets > 3 × 3 cm, mature stems with spine-tipped woody protuberances	Indopiptadenia
4	Fruits reniform to flabellate, indehiscent, 1–2-seeded and winged	Xerocladia
–	Fruits linear or oblong, always > 2-seeded	5
5	Plants armed with stipular spines	Strombocarpa
–	Plants armed with axillary, uninodal, solitary or paired spines or spinescent shoots	Neltuma