Table 2.
Changes in crude intakes of energy, nutrients and food groups from baseline for male cancer survivors compared with male controls (n = 33,643).
| Cancer-free controls (n = 32757) | All cancers (n = 886) | Pa | Colorectal cancer (n = 226) | Gastric cancer (n = 244) | Other cancers (n = 416) | Pb | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline median | Change from baseline | Baseline median | Change from baseline | Baseline median | Change from baseline | Baseline median | Change from baseline | Baseline median | Change from baseline | |||||||||
| median | IQR | median | IQR | median | IQR | median | IQR | median | IQR | |||||||||
| Energy and nutrients | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total energy (kcal/d ) | 2110 | − 33 | (− 453–380)* | 2127 | − 168 | (− 640–278)* | <0 .001 | 2257 | − 159 | (− 581–268)* | 2151 | − 255 | (− 810–168)* | 2063 | − 115 | (− 571–335)* | < .001 | |
| Sodium (mg/d ) | 4603 | − 248 | (− 1555–1003)* | 4627 | − 345 | (− 1723–1110)* | 0.41 | 4673 | − 368 | (− 1599–906) | 4759 | − 369 | (− 1811–857)* | 4465 | − 335 | (− 1681–1224) | 0.61 | |
| Ethanol (g/d) | 23.0 | 0.0 | (− 9.0–5.0)* | 23.0 | − 1.5 | (− 23.0–0.0)* | <0 .001 | 36.0 | 0.0 | (− 23.0–0.0)* | 23.0 | − 7.9 | (− 26.4–0.0)* | 14.8 | 0.0 | (− 18.5–0.0)* | < .001 | |
| Food groups (g/d) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Grains | 570.9 | 30.6 | (− 98.9–139.1)* | 562.6 | − 11.3 | (− 148.9–111.5) | <0 .001 | 572.9 | 7.4 | (− 132.9–109.5) | 580.4 | -56.3 | (− 200.2–91.9)* | 546.8 | 0.9 | (− 136.1–117.8) | <0 .001 | |
| Rice | 423.3 | 64.5 | (− 55.0–134.6)* | 423.3 | 34.7 | (− 88.3–104.3)* | < 0.001 | 423.3 | 54.6 | (− 79.8–135.0)* | 425.0 | − 7.0 | (− 157.3–91.3) | 423.3 | 37.5 | (− 80.0–101.1)* | < 0.001 | |
| Soy products | 30.7 | 0.0 | (− 17.0–19.1)* | 31.4 | 0.0 | (− 17.1–21.3) | 0.58 | 33.9 | − 0.3 | (− 15.1–20.2) | 29.7 | − 1.6 | (− 19.2–18.7) | 31.1 | 0.9 | (− 16.9–23.5) | 0.36 | |
| Miso soup | 235.7 | 0.0 | (− 80.4–58.9)* | 235.7 | 0.0 | (− 88.4–75.0) | 0.95 | 225.0 | 0.0 | (− 75.0–80.4) | 300.0 | 0.0 | (− 112.5–75.0) | 225.0 | 0.0 | (− 85.7–62.9) | 0.54 | |
| Vegetables | 170.8 | 7.9 | (− 65.8–87.7)* | 180.6 | 12.0 | (− 69.2–99.9)* | 0.42 | 195.3 | 14.7 | (− 77.5–104.8) | 193.6 | 9.3 | (− 81.4–103.4) | 173.7 | 13.4 | (− 62.8–93.4) | 0.76 | |
| Pickled vegetables | 20.5 | 0.0 | (− 11.8–12.8) | 24.5 | − 0.9 | (− 16.2–13.3) | 0.13 | 27.2 | 0.0 | (− 15.0–13.2) | 27.6 | − 2.0 | (− 19.9–14.5) | 21.1 | − 0.7 | (− 14.0–12.4) | 0.33 | |
| Fruit | 141.4 | − 13.6 | (− 92.9–58.4)* | 151.1 | − 3.1 | (− 90.1–85.0) | 0.01 | 147.0 | − 3.4 | (− 83.2–71.0) | 155.0 | 7.3 | (− 84.6–106.5) | 151.2 | − 7.7 | (− 97.0–72.4) | 0.04 | |
| Fish and shellfish | 79.3 | − 15.3 | (− 49.9–16.6)* | 79.8 | − 16.0 | (− 55.0–17.6)* | 0.54 | 84.0 | − 14.7 | (− 51.8–16.4)* | 80.3 | − 20.8 | (− 61.5–18.9)* | 76.8 | − 15.6 | (− 53.6–17.6)* | 0.66 | |
| Salty fish | 14.0 | − 1.5 | (− 12.0–4.2)* | 15.4 | − 2.0 | (− 13.8–5.2)* | 0.95 | 15.5 | − 3.0 | (− 14.3–4.0)* | 18.9 | − 2.2 | (− 16.4–6.5)* | 13.0 | − 1.0 | (− 11.9–5.2)* | 0.92 | |
| Meat | 52.7 | − 4.3 | (− 31.1–25.2)* | 47.1 | − 5.3 | (− 29.1–19.3)* | 0.32 | 53.2 | − 8.3 | (− 37.6–14.0)* | 45.8 | − 6.6 | (− 30.2–17.3)* | 45.1 | − 2.2 | (− 25.9–28.2) | 0.02 | |
| Unprocessed red meat | 36.7 | − 7.3 | (− 28.1–11.7)* | 34.3 | − 7.3 | (− 28.1–8.9)* | 0.37 | 41.0 | − 13.7 | (− 33.5–4.9)* | 31.9 | − 7.6 | (− 27.5–6.0)* | 33.3 | − 5.1 | (− 25.5–12.3)* | 0.02 | |
| Processed meat | 3.5 | − 0.7 | (− 4.2–1.7)* | 3.0 | − 0.5 | (− 3.3–1.3)* | 0.66 | 3.3 | − 0.3 | (− 3.3–1.5) | 3.0 | − 0.8 | (− 3.3–1.2)* | 3.0 | − 0.7 | (− 3.2–1.5)* | 0.90 | |
| Milk and dairy products | 112.5 | − 1.3 | (− 65.6–52.8)* | 119.9 | 0.0 | (− 74.3–83.5) | < 0.01 | 108.6 | 5.7 | (− 52.7–86.5) | 128.5 | − 0.8 | (− 97.5–76.2) | 118.6 | 1.1 | (− 77.8–85.1) | < 0.01 | |
| Green tea | 120.0 | 0.0 | (− 120.0–120.0)* | 300.0 | 0.0 | (− 240.0–180.0) | 0.40 | 300.0 | 0.0 | (− 300.0–180.0) | 300.0 | 0.0 | (− 300.0–180.0) | 120.0 | 0.0 | (− 180.0–205.7) | 0.15 | |
| Coffee | 113.6 | 0.0 | (− 79.3–34.3)* | 79.3 | 0.0 | (− 79.3–0.0)* | <0 .01 | 60.0 | 0.0 | (− 60.0–15.0)* | 79.3 | 0.0 | (− 89.3–0.0)* | 79.3 | 0.0 | (− 79.3–0.0)* | 0.04 | |
| Soft drinks | 42.9 | 0.0 | (− 53.6–0.0)* | 42.9 | 0.0 | (− 53.6–0.0)* | 0.96 | 42.9 | 0.0 | (− 57.1–0.0)* | 42.9 | 0.0 | (− 42.9–0.0)* | 0.0 | 0.0 | (− 53.6–0.0)* | 0.09 | |
IQR Interquartile range
*Statistical significance was set at P < .01 and the Wilcoxon signed − rank test was used to determine the significance of differences in intake between the baseline and follow-up surveys.
aThe Mann–Whitney U − test was used for the difference in change between cancer-free male controls and survivors of all cancers, bThe Kruskal − Wallis test was used for the comparison of the change among cancer-free male controls and survivors of specific cancer types. Statistical significance was set at P < .01 for both test.
Significant values are in [bold].