Table 4.

Detailed performance metrics for the three datasets.

Models	AUC	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV
	(95%CI)	(95%CI)	(95%CI)	(95%CI)	(95%CI)
Training set	0.722	0.571	0.741	0.317	0.891
	0.696-0.748	0.526-0.617	0.722-0.79	0.286-0.349	0.877-0.906
Internal validation set	0.712	0.509	0.806	0.319	0.902
	0.670-0.754	0.434-0.584	0.781-0.831	0.263-0.374	0.882-0.922
External validation set	0.703	0.571	0.941	0.333	0.977
	0.553-0.853	0.360-0.783	0.919-0.964	0.179-0.487	0.962-0.992

AUC, area under the curve; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; CI, Confidence Interval.