Table 4.
Main findings of clinical trials investigating circulating asprosin levels and correlations in diabetic complications.
| Citation | Cohort | Target population (Study group) | n, gender | Main finding & Correlations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhang et al. (67) | Cross-sectional study | DN (30 years & older) |
105 Chinese subjects NGT (n = 30) T2DM + DN (n = 42) T2DM + early stage of DN (n = 33) |
⇑ Significantly higher circulating asprosin in non-DN and DN groups than NGT group. DN group showed the highest levels. Circulating asprosin levels were closely associated with e-GFR and UACR and significantly increased ORs for early stage of DN. |
| Deng et al. (68) | Cross-sectional study, | T2DM with Microalbuminuria (Expected DN) (Mean age 61.6 ± 10.7 years) |
207 patients with T2DM (120 m, 87 f) T2DM normoalbuminuria (n = 107) T2DM with microalbuminuria (n = 80) T2DM with macroalbuminuria (n = 20) |
⇑ serum asprosin levels in T2DM patients with macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria group compared with normoalbuminuria group. ⇑ Positive correlation between serum asprosin concentrations and creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and UACR. |
| Wang et al. (69) | Cross-sectional study | T2DM with different stages of DN | 284 subjects (152 m-132f) 212 T2DM adult patients (n = 212) Normal to mildly increased group (DN0) Moderately increased group (DN1) Severely increased group (DN2) Healthy controls (n = 72) |
⇑ serum asprosin in all T2DM patients compared to controls. ⇑ serum asprosin in DN2 group compared to DN1 & DN0 groups. |
| Goodarzi et al. (70) | cCse–control study | T2DM patients & T2DM + DN | 166 participants T2DM (n = 56) T2DM + DN (n = 54) Healthy volunteers (n = 56) |
⇑ serum asprosin level in T2DM and T2DM + DN groups than healthy group. A positive correlation between asprosin and BMI and kidney function markers e GFR, UAE, and Creatinine in T2DM + DN patients. |
| Xu et al. (71) | Cross-sectional study | T2DM patients with different grades of DN | 498 T2DM patients (298 m, 200 f) Microalbuminuria (n = 221) Massive albuminuria (n = 105) No signs of nephropathy (n = 172) |
⇑ Serum asprosin in the massive albuminuria group compared to microalbuminuria group and patients with no signs of albuminuria. A positive correlation between serum asprosin and BMI, TG, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), AST, ALT, creatinine. |
| Oruc et al. (72) | Observational study | DRP | 90 participants T2DM and DRP with single eye and cataract (n = 30) T2DM and cataract without DRP (n = 30) Healthy control (n = 30) |
⇑ Blood and aqueous humor asprosin levels in patients with DRP compared with non DRP. |
| You et al. (73) | Cross-sectional single-center study | T2DM patients with PAD | 114 subjects T2DM patients (n = 33) T2DM patients with PAD (n = 51) Healthy control (n = 30) |
⇑ circulating asprosin in T2DM + PAD group compared to healthy control. |
| Deng et al. (74) | Observational study | T2DM patients with carotid plaque |
180 subjects | ⇑ serum asprosin in the T2DM with carotid plaque group compared to T2DM without carotid plaque group A positive correlation between serum asprosin and BMI, HOMA-IR. |
| Hong et al. (75) | Observational study | MetS (18-70 y) | 293 participants (143 m,150 f) MetS patients (n = 131) Healthy subjects (n = 162) |
⇑ serum asprosin in MetS patients compared to the healthy controls ⇑ Positive correlation between serum asprosin levels and metabolic components including BMI, WC, FPG, 2h-PG, HOMA-IR, TG. |
| Li et al. (65) | T2DM or PCOS | T2DM or PCOS | 160 female subjects T2DM (n = 53) PCOS (n = 41) Healthy controls (n = 66) |
⇑ Plasma asprosin in T2DM females than in healthy subjects ⇑ Plasma asprosin in PCOS subjects than in healthy subjects but lower than in T2DM subjects. Plasma asprosin showed positively correlated with FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, LDL-c, Apolipoprotein B (APOB), APOE, and testosterone. |