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. 2023 Jan 5;9:1087453. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1087453

TABLE 2.

Texture characteristics of starch gel.

Sample Hardness (N) Adhesiveness (g/sec) Springiness Cohesiveness Gumminess Chewiness Resilience
NSt-NSf 13.10 ± 0.60c 19.20 ± 1.42d 0.93 ± 0.00a 0.86 ± 0.00a 11.24 ± 0.49b 10.41 @ 0.47ab 0.18 ± 0.00a
NSt-Sf 15.20 ± 0.60b 25.86 ± 1.52c 0.94 ± 0.01a 0.66 ± 0.02b 10.05 ± 0.72b 9.49 @ 0.74b 0.13 ± 0.00c
St-NSf 15.40 ± 0.50b 66.80 ± 3.78b 0.95 ± 0.03a 0.68 ± 0.05b 10.43 ± 0.36b 9.87 @ 0.62ab 0.15 ± 0.01b
St-Sf 27.05 ± 0.75a 75.13 ± 0.80a 0.80 ± 0.02b 0.56 ± 0.08c 15.27 ± 2.44a 12.20 @ 2.20a 0.08 ± 0.01d

The values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate experiments.

Values in the same column with different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

NSt-NSf, nonsteam and nonsulfur fumigation treatment; NSt-Sf, nonsteam and sulfur fumigation treatment; St-NSf, steam and nonsulfur fumigation treatment; St-Sf, steam and sulfur fumigation treatment.