Table 2.
Association between SHR and Outcomes.
| Outcomes | SHR | Events, n (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excellent outcomes at 3 months (mRS0-1)† | Q1 (n = 101) | 55 (43.7%) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Q2 (n = 104) | 34 (27.0%) | 0.41 [0.23; 0.72] | 0.002** | 0.43 [0.22; 0.82] | 0.011* | |
| Q3 (n = 104) | 20 (15.9%) | 0.20 [0.11; 0.37] | <0.001*** | 0.32 [0.15; 0.66] | 0.002** | |
| Q4 (n = 99) | 17 (13.5%) | 0.18 [0.09; 0.33] | <0.001*** | 0.32 [0.14; 0.66] | 0.003** | |
| p for trend | <0.001*** | 0.004** | ||||
| Good outcomes at 3 months (mRS 0–2)† | Q1 (n = 101) | 67 (35.4%) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Q2 (n = 104) | 51 (27.0%) | 0.49 [0.28; 0.86] | 0.013* | 0.56 [0.29; 1.06] | 0.080 | |
| Q3 (n = 104) | 40 (21.2%) | 0.32 [0.18; 0.56] | <0.001*** | 0.54 [0.27; 1.07] | 0.077 | |
| Q4 (n = 99) | 31 (16.4%) | 0.23 [0.13; 0.42] | <0.001*** | 0.41 [0.20; 0.84] | 0.015* | |
| p for trend | <0.001*** | 0.028* | ||||
| Major neurological improvement‡ | Q1 (n = 101) | 49 (29.2%) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Q2 (n = 104) | 48 (28.6%) | 0.91 [0.52; 1.58] | 0.738 | 0.79 [0.43; 1.43] | 0.438 | |
| Q3 (n = 104) | 40 (23.8%) | 0.67 [0.38; 1.16] | 0.15 | 0.44 [0.23; 0.82] | 0.011* | |
| Q4 (n = 99) | 31 (18.5%) | 0.49 [0.27; 0.86] | 0.014* | 0.38 [0.19; 0.73] | 0.004** | |
| p for trend | 0.007** | 0.002** | ||||
| All-cause mortality at 3 months§ | Q1 (n = 101) | 6 (11.8%) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Q2 (n = 104) | 11 (21.6%) | 1.85 [0.66; 5.66] | 0.243 | 1.52 [0.53; 4.73] | 0.442 | |
| Q3 (n = 104) | 10 (19.6%) | 1.66 [0.58; 5.17] | 0.343 | 0.99 [0.33; 3.21] | 0.997 | |
| Q4 (n = 99) | 24 (47.1%) | 4.94 [2.02; 14.1] | <0.001*** | 2.82 [1.09; 8.29] | 0.041* | |
| p for trend | 0.001** | 0.034* | ||||
| ICH‖ | Q1 (n = 101) | 14 (12.7%) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Q2 (n = 104) | 27 (24.5%) | 2.16 [1.07; 4.54] | 0.032* | 1.89 [0.91; 4.06] | 0.089 | |
| Q3 (n = 104) | 36 (32.7%) | 3.25 [1.65; 6.72] | 0.001** | 2.31 [1.11; 4.97] | 0.027* | |
| Q4 (n = 99) | 33 (30.0%) | 3.07 [1.54; 6.40] | 0.001** | 2.54 [1.21; 5.50] | 0.015* | |
| p for trend | <0.001*** | 0.029* | ||||
| sICH¶ | Q1 (n = 101) | 1 (4.76%) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Q2 (n = 104) | 7 (33.3%) | 6.41 [1.08; 165] | 0.039* | 6.99 [1.20; 132.47] | 0.072 | |
| Q3 (n = 104) | 6 (28.6%) | 5.46 [0.88; 143] | 0.072 | 5.91 [0.97; 113.22] | 0.104 | |
| Q4 (n = 99) | 7 (33.3%) | 6.75 [1.14; 174] | 0.034* | 7.59 [1.32; 143.30] | 0.060 | |
| p for trend | 0.080 | 0.113 |
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. CI indicates confidence interval; SHR, stress hyperglycemia ratio; and OR, odds ratio; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. †Adjusted for age, sex, previous TIA/stroke, history of hypertension, smoking, hemoglobin, hs-CRP, systolic blood pressure, NIHSS score at admission, pre-stroke mRS and IV tPA administration. ‡Adjusted for age, sex, previous TIA/stroke, history of hypertension, smoking, hemoglobin, hs-CRP, systolic blood pressure, NIHSS score at admission, pre-stroke mRS, Onset-to-reperfusion time and IV tPA administration. §Adjusted for age, NIHSS score at admission, pre-stroke mRS and IV tPA administration. ‖Adjusted for age, NIHSS score at admission, pre-stroke mRS, hemoglobin, HCY, INR, systolic blood pressure, onset-to-reperfusion time, ASPECTS, and IV tPA administration. ¶Adjusted for IV tPA administration.