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. 2023 Jan 5;10:1039779. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1039779

Table 3.

Time of establishing perinatal consequences (first cohort or case-control report) from the start of a disease outbreak (declaration date or month of first cases) for emerging disease outbreaks since 2010.

Emerging infection/disease outbreak Start date Time to establishment of perinatal consequences References
Swine flu (H1N1) (pandemic) 25 Apr 2009 11 months (20)
Cholera (Haiti) 20 Oct 2010 22 months (21)
Plasmodium cynomolgi (Malaysia) Jan 2011
Swine flu (H3N2v) (USA) Jul 2011
Lassa fever (Ghana) Oct 2011
Mojiang paramyxovirus (China) Jun 2012
Sosuga virus (Uganda) Aug 2012
MERS-CoV disease (Middle East) Sep 2012
Avian flu (H7N9) (China) Mar 2013 40 months (22)
Colpodella sp. (Heilongjiang-China) May 2013
Variegated squirrel bornavirus 1 (Germany) Jun 2013
Chikungunya (Caribbean) Dec 2013
Ebola virus disease (West Africa) 8 Aug 2014 40 months (23)
Avian flu (H5N6) (China) 2014
Lassa fever (Benin) 2014
Bourbon virus (USA) 2014
Zika virus disease (the Americas) Aug 2015 5 months (24)
CCHF (Spain) 2016
Chikungunya (Pakistan) Feb 2016 38 months (25)
Lassa fever (Togo) 2016
Ntwetwe virus (Uganda) 2016
Monkeypox (Nigeria) 2017
Yellow fever (Brazil) 2017
Rat hepatitis E virus 2017
Guinea worm (Angola) 2018
Lyme disease (Nepal) 2018
Avian flu (H7N4) 2018
Monkeypox (Liberia, UK) 2018
Nipah virus (India) 2018
Ebola virus disease (DRC) 17 Jul 2019
COVID-19 disease (pandemic) 30 Jan 2020 5 months (26, 27)

List of diseases adapted from (7).