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. 2023 Jan 19;21(1):e07745. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7745

Table 4.

A summary of mycotoxin production by Penicillium spp. at chill temperatures

Organism Mycotoxin Food Mycotoxin production at temperature Reference
Penicillium expansum Patulin Fruits 0°C Buchanan et al. (1974)
Penicillium spp. Penicillic acid Various agricultural commodities (corn, white rice, barley...) 1°C Ciegler and Kurtzman (1970)
Penicillium martensii Penicillic acid Corn ≤ 1°C Kurtzman and Ciegler (1970)
Penicillium expansum Patulin Apples 0°C Sommer et al. (1974)