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. 2023 Jan 19;55:3. doi: 10.1186/s12711-023-00777-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Genetic and permanent environment components for the probability of an animal being docile across the years. a GEBV of three sires with habituation (points), sensitization (square), and neutral (triangle) learning and behavioral plasticity. b GEBV of a sire (light blue line) and its daughter that have at least two CT records and have siblings in the same contemporary group. c–e Permanent environment impact (PE) of daughters of a single sire raised in same conditions (same contemporary group). EBV: probability of being docile at a genetic level; PE: impact of the permanent environment on the probability of being docile