Table 1.

Outcomes of multimodal locoregional therapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Ref.	Study design	Treatment	Number of patients	Outcomes
Song et al[95]	Retrospective	Recurrent HCC ≤ 5 cm	63 TACE; 96 TACE-RFA	TACE-RFA lower disease progression than TACE monotherapy; No difference in overall survival
Zhang et al[115]	Retrospective	Treatment Naïve HCC, DEB-TACE-RFA for Recurrent HCC (Group B), and hepatectomy	40 DEB-TACE as primary treatment; 36 DEB-TACE Recurrent HCC; 40 hepatectomy as primary	DEB-TACE-RFA can prolong survival time for recurrent HCC
Zheng et al[96]	Retrospective	TACE-RFA or repeat hepatectomy	63 TACE-RFA; 38 repeat hepatectomy	Similar overall survival for TACE-RFA (38 months) compared to repeat hepatectomy (42 months); No difference in progression free survival
Peng et al[94]	Retrospective	Recurrent HCC ≤ 5 cmTACE-RFA or repeat hepatectomy	107 TACE-RFA; 79 repeat hepatectomy	No difference in overall survival or disease-free survival; TACE-RFA has lower complications and shorter hospital stays
Ji et al[98]	Retrospective	Recurrent HCC with three or fewer tumors < 3 cm	17 TACE-MWA; 28 TACE	TACE-MWA showed better 1-,3-, 6- month tumor response; TACE-MWA showed prolonged 1-,3-, 5-year progression free survival; No difference in overall survival

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; DEB-TACE: Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization; MWA: Microwave ablation. TACE-RFA: Transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation; DEB-TACE-RFA: Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation; TACE-MWA: Transarterial chemoembolization and Microwave ablation.