Table 4.

Bivariate analysis of categorical variables associated with stress and PTSD

	PSS					IES-22
	M	SD	t	p	Cohen's d	M	SD	t	p	Cohen's d
Gender
Female	23.61	6.23	− 1.64	0.102	0.20	31.08	18.66	0.19	0.847	− 0.02
Male	22.24	7.21				31.51	18.76
Age group
18–25	24.04	6.92	3.30	0.001	− 0.35	33.40	19.18	2.99	0.003	− 0.33
> 25	21.77	5.67				27.29	17.33
Professional status
Employed	22.20	5.74	2.49	0.013	− 0.26	27.91	16.73	2.81	0.005	− 0.29
Unemployed	23.91	6.96				33.43	19.60

	M	SD	F (2, 347)	p	η2	M	SD	F (2, 347)	p	η2
Job loss
Yes	24.68	6.53	4.92	0.008	0.39	34.31	20.05	4.86	0.008	0.33
No	22.09	5.96				27.96	17.55
Not applicable	24.13	6.99				34.10	19.06

Values for the M [mean] and SD [standard deviation] for the stress Perceived Stress Scale [PSS], and PTSD Impact of Events Scale [IES-22] with their respective T-statistic, F-statistic, p-value for the various analysis