Table 6.
Breakdown on sleep and gratitude means according to mental health variables
| PHQ-9 | GAD-7 | PSS | IES-22 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | t | Cohen’s D | M (SD) | t | Cohen’s D | M (SD) | t | Cohen’s D | M (SD) | t | Cohen’s D | |
| PSQI | ||||||||||||
| < 5 (n = 174) | 8.45 (5.39) | − 8.85*** | 0.95 | 8.44 (5.04) | − 7.82*** | 0.84 | 21.65 (6.08) | − 4.62*** | 0.49 | 24.13 (16.56) | − 7.61*** | 0.81 |
| > 5 (n = 174) | 13.89 (6.05) | 12.68 (5.07) | 24.80 (6.62) | 38.26 (18.01) | ||||||||
| GQ-6 | ||||||||||||
| < 33 (n = 187) | 12.79 (6.21) | 5.33*** | − 0.57 | 11.94 (5.08) | 5.22*** | − 0.56 | 24.87 (6.13) | 5.28*** | − 0.57 | 33.98 (18.95) | 3.03*** | − 0.32 |
| > 33 (n = 161) | 9.29 (5.96) | 8.97 (5.51) | 21.28 (6.49) | 27.96 (17.85) | ||||||||
Values for the M [mean] and SD [standard deviation] for the various scales Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and Gratitude Questionnaire [GQ-6] with their respective T-statistic for the various mental health variables including Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD-7], and Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], Perceived Stress Scale [PSS], and Impact of Events Scale [IES-22]
P values indicated as ***p < 0.001