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. 2023 Jan 19;11:14. doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01042-4

Table 8.

Multivariate analysis: linear regression with depression as the dependent variable

B (SE) 95% CI β t p
Job loss (yes vs noa) 2.72 (0.87) 1.01; 4.44 0.13 3.13 0.002
Professional (employed vs unemployeda) 0.78 (0.65) − 0.50; 2.06 0.06 1.19 0.232
Gender (female vs malea) 1.56 (0.60) 0.38; 2.75 0.11 2.60 0.010
Age (> 25 vs 18–25a years) − 2.55 (0.64) − 3.82; − 1.27 − 0.19 − 3.93  < 0.001
Health care provider (yes vs noa) − 1.60 (0.74) − 3.06; − 0.14 − 0.09 − 2.16 0.031
Education cat (university vs schoola) − 0.24 (0.73) − 1.68; 1.19 − 0.01 − 0.33 0.740
Gratitude (GQ-6) − 0.23 (0.04) − 0.32; − 0.15 − 0.25 − 5.47  < 0.001
Insomnia (PSQI) 0.81 (0.08) 0.65; 0.97 0.44 9.99  < 0.001

Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and Gratitude Questionnaire [GQ-6]

B = unstandardized beta; SE = Standard error; β = standardized beta; CI = Confidence interval; T-statistic and p-value

aReference group