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. 2023 Jan 19;80(2):46. doi: 10.1007/s00018-023-04694-y

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© The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — H₂O₂ responsive nature of nanoceria exploited for tumour-selected drug delivery. a Working principle of CeO₂@MSNs@IR780/Met NPs that were synthesized by loading photosensitiser IR780 and mitochondrial respiration inhibitor Metformin into mesoporous silica nanoparticles MSNs with CeO₂ as the gatekeepers. IR780 and Met were released, while O₂ and Ce²⁺ were generated after the etching of CeO₂ NPs in response to the special tumour microenvironment with lower pH and excessive H₂O₂. b, c In vitro release behaviour detection: b Time-dependant release performance of IR780 (red column) and Met (black column) from the CeO₂@MSNs@IR780/Met NPs in the absence and presence of 1.0 and 2.0 M H₂O₂. c Etching performance of Ce NPs. Ce ions detected by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis under various conditions: control, 10–20 mM H₂O₂, and nitric acid. d TEM image of the CeO₂@MSNs@IR780/Me nanocomposition in 20 mM H₂O₂ solution after 6 h. Reprinted with permission from [32].

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