Table 2.
Bivariate Associations between Adolescents’ Weight Status and the Measures of Poverty, School Contexts, and Peer Mechanisms (n = 18,924).
| Weight status | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Not overweight | Overweight | Significance | |
| Poverty Measures | |||
| Individual-level poverty status | |||
| Poor | 70.55% | 76.01% | *** |
| Not poor | 29.45% | 23.99% | *** |
| School-level proportion poor | 0.370 (0.326) |
0.421 (0.589) |
*** |
| School Context | |||
| 1. School-level proportion overweight | 0.246 (0.112) |
0.271 (0.208) |
*** |
| 2. School Resources | |||
| Proportion in school involved in athletics | 0.425 (0.315) |
0.429 (0.480) |
NS |
| Days per week students attend physical education | 2.558 (1.596) |
2.570 (2.845) |
NS |
| Presence of weight loss program at school | |||
| Weight loss program | 76.69% | 73.42% | ** |
| No weight loss program | 26.58% | 23.31% | ** |
| 3. School Stress Environment | |||
| School attachment | −0.381 (1.019) |
−0.407 (1.538) |
† |
| Fitting in at school | 3.715 (0.266) |
3.714 (0.501) |
NS |
| Attachment to teachers at school | 5.001 (0.312) |
5.006 (0.539) |
NS |
| Violence at school | 0.801 (0.357) |
0.826 (0.367) |
*** |
| Truancy at school | 0.265 (0.224) |
0.267 (0.193) |
NS |
| Social Mechanisms | |||
| School-level proportion dieting | 0.336 (0.093) |
0.344 (0.170) |
*** |
| School-level physical activity | 3.679 (0.952) |
3.646 (1.580) |
* |
| School-level energy-dense snacks | 1.151 (0.133) |
1.149 (0.214) |
*** |
| Social penalty for being overweight | 0.475 (1.538) |
0.512 (2.592) |
† |
| School body size norms | 0.071 (0.064) |
0.082 (0.127) |
*** |
| Weighted percent | 74.43% | 25.57% | |
| Raw ns | 13,989 | 4,787 | |
Note. Sample sizes vary across cells due missing information on income or the relationship measures. All models apply sampling weight. Columns represent within group means.
†
p < .10.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.