Table 4.

Logistic Regression Models Predicting Overweight by Social Mechanisms.

	Coefficient (Standard error)
	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7
Poverty Measures
Individual-Level Poverty (income-to-needs < 185%)	0.068 (0.088)	0.069 (0.088)	0.062 (0.091)	0.062 (0.091)
School-Level Poverty (proportion income-to-needs < 185%)	0.138 (0.145)	0.062 (0.162)	0.113 (0.146)	0.006 (0.171)
School Weight Status (proportion overweight)	4.796*** (0.329)	4.772*** (0.335)	4.778*** (0.310)	4.521*** (0.369)
School Resource Factors
Proportion in school involved in athletics	0.268 (0.198)	0.324 (0.217)	0.260 (0.194)	0.250 (0.219)
Number of days per week students attend physical education	−0.004 (0.016)	0.000 (0.015)	−0.010 (0.016)	−0.013 (0.016)
Presence of weight loss program at school	−0.004 (0.051)	−0.003 (0.050)	−0.007 (0.051)	−0.003 (0.051)
School Stress Environmental Factors
School connectedness	0.040 (0.067)	0.067 (0.067)	−0.017 (0.070)	−0.021 (0.080)
Degree to which students feel they fit in at school	0.149 (0.096)	0.160 (0.112)	0.168† (0.100)	0.171 (0.115)
Degree to which students feel attached to teachers at school	−0.027 (0.104)	−0.017 (0.104)	0.000 (0.105)	0.006 (0.109)
Violence at school	−0.193* (0.087)	−0.171† (0.087)	−0.220* (0.086)	−0.209* (0.086)
Truancy at school	0.462** (0.161)	0.385* (0.171)	0.442* (0.177)	0.372* (0.184)
Social Mechanisms
1. School-level body size norms	0.188 (0.492)	—	—	0.807 (0.617)
2. School-level norms of behaviors
School-level proportion dieting	—	0.004 (0.242)	—	−0.032 (0.299)
School-level physical activity	—	−0.041 (0.044)	—	−0.047 (0.044)
School-level energy-dense snacks	—	−0.266 (0.251)	—	−0.183 (0.256)
3. School-level social penalty for being overweight	—	—	0.025 (0.019)	0.028 (0.021)

Note. In Models 4 and 5, n = 18,924. In Models 5, 6, and 7, n = 16,951 All models are multilevel models with individual and school weights applied, control for individual and school-level covariates, and adjust for missing data.

^†p < .10.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.