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. 2022 Dec 29;57(2):884–895. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03646

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© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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(A) Pairwise comparison of average monetized damages from PM_2.5 and CO₂ emissions in million USD per megatonne payload by employing central-tendency values (year 2020 dollars) for value of a statistical life (VSL; $9.7 million) and social cost of carbon (SCC; $54/tC); (B) average monetized health and climate damages in million USD per megatonne from all routes for a mode; (C) sensitivity of results in panel (A) to VSL ($1.1–25.8 million) and SCC ($15, $54, $79, $157/tC), with 1:1 line (black-dashed) and base case value (black multiplication sign).