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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Obstet Gynaecol. 2022 Sep 30;42(7):3014–3020. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2125298

Table 2.

Average Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Scores by Participant Characteristics

n Median ACEs Range Mean SD

Covariates
Age at Recruitment (Years)
 18–25 157 1.0 0–8 1.38 1.69
 26–35 247 1.0 0–10 1.89 2.32
 >36 76 1.0 0–10 2.13 2.50
Maternal Race/Ethnicity
 Hispanic 382 1.0 0–10 1.70 2.19
 Black, non-Hispanic 47 1.0 0–6 1.66 1.51
 Multiracial & Other, non-Hispanic 18 1.5 0–9 2.44 2.77
 White, non-Hispanic 26 3.0 0–9 2.81 2.55
Earliest Ascertained Income
 Less than $15,000 106 1.0 0–8 1.97 2.47
 $15,000 to $29,999 118 1.0 0–10 1.84 2.08
 $30,000 to $49,999 54 1.0 0–10 2.46 2.81
 $50,000 to $99,999 26 1.0 0–5 1.81 1.92
 $100,000 or more 26 1.0 0–9 1.88 2.45
 Don’t Know 143 1.0 0–8 1.32 1.67
Maternal Marital Status
 Married/living together 324 1.0 0–10 1.80 2.27
 Never married 101 1.0 0–7 1.55 1.80
 Divorced 13 2.0 0–8 2.54 2.67
Parity
 Nulliparous 158 1.0 0–9 1.69 1.91
 Primiparity/multiparity 295 1.0 0–10 1.78 2.27