Unrooted phylogenetic tree showing the relationship of 50 top abundant fungal species identified in Healthy people, COVID-19 patients and Recovered humans nasopharyngeal samples. Taxonomic groups indicated by the different color ranges show the phylogenetic origin and associations of different species in the respective fungal orders, with green for Saccharomycetales, yellow for Eurotiales, pink for Auriculariales, red for Eustigmatales, purple for Malasseziales, and green for other orders fungal orders. The upward arrow indicates the species those had opportunistic inclusion in COVID-19 patients and not merely detected in Healthy control samples. Conversely, the downward arrow denotes the Healthy people commensal species those are dysbiosed after SARS-CoV-2 infection (absent in COVID-19 patients). Bootstrap values are calculated based on 1000 replications and the tree scale in number of substitutions per site. The fungal species in the phylogenetic tree are also available in S1 Data.