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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Eval Program Plann. 2022 Mar 17;92:102070. doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102070

Table 3.

Baseline demographics of participants by program.

P-value for differences
No Program HSL 21 C HSL vs. No Program 21 C vs. No Program 21 C vs. HSL

Number of Participants 60 60 60
Mean Age in Years (SD) 7.9 (1.0) 7.9 (1.0) 8.0 (1.0) 0.682 0.264 0.503
Male (%) 45.3 48.5 27.4 0.590 0.023 0.006
Participants by Race (%)
Non-Hispanic Black 93.8 92.4 93.5 0.389 0.729 0.588
Other 6.2 7.6 6.5 0.389 0.729 0.588
Body Composition
Mean BMI (SD) 20.9 (6.1) 20.5 (4.9) 20.5 (4.9) 0.729 0.378 0.612
Mean BMI z-score (SD) 0.95 (1.1) 0.99 (1.1) 0.99 (1.1) 0.817 0.611 0.468
Mean BMI Percentile (SD) 72.7 (27.5) 74.6 (27.6) 74.5 (27.6) 0.707 0.818 0.548
Percent Overweight or Obese 47.7 51.7 51.7 0.655 0.308 0.151
Mean MAP Reading Score (SD) 194 (11.6) 190.8 (12.0) 192.6 (12.4) 0.076 0.609 0.192
Mean PACER Laps Completed (SD) 11.6 (6.9) 13.5 (7.4) 13.5 (7.4) 0.129 0.368 0.506

Abbreviations: ”HSL” Healthy Summer Learners, “21 C” 21st Century Learning Center, “SD” Standard deviation, “BMI” Body Mass Index, “MAP” Measures of Academic Progress, “PACER” Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run.

a

P-value for comparison between groups at baseline. Continuous variables compared using linear regression; categorical variables compared using logistic regression.

b

During the second summer the 21st Century Learning Center extend the program from 16 to 24 days and the median attendance was 20 days.