Figure 4: In-Hospital Mortality by Initial and Change in Vasoactive-Inotropic Score.

In-hospital mortality progressively increased with higher starting 4h VIS (p-trend <0.001 for each category of initial VIS at 4h). In addition, significant increases in VIS ≥10 from 4h to 24h were associated with higher in-hospital mortality across the range of starting VIS values (p-trend <0.001 for each). Color assignment corresponds to range of starting VIS. VIS = vasoactive-inotropic score, a weighted sum reflective of combined dosing of all vasopressors and inotropes; h = hours.