Table 4.
The association between cumulative tea consumption (dried tea leaves, kg) and the risk of liver cancer for specific participants (SWHS, 1996–2000)
| Cases | Incidence ratea | HRb | HRc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without history of chronic hepatitis/cholelithiasis | ||||
| Never drinkers (Ref.) | 137 | 17.69 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≤15 | 17 | 12.51 | 0.99 (0.60, 1.65) | 1.00 (0.60, 1.66) |
| >15 and ≤30 | 8 | 10.49 | 0.79 (0.39, 1.61) | 0.80 (0.39, 1.65) |
| >30 | 12 | 11.52 | 0.71 (0.40, 1.29) | 0.72 (0.39, 1.31) |
| Without history of T2DM/hypertension | ||||
| Never drinkers (Ref.) | 129 | 19.31 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≤15 | 17 | 13.84 | 0.98 (0.59, 1.63) | 1.01 (0.61, 1.69) |
| >15 and ≤30 | 8 | 11.79 | 0.80 (0.39, 1.63) | 0.83 (0.40, 1.70) |
| >30 | 13 | 14.63 | 0.80 (0.45, 1.42) | 0.84 (0.47, 1.50) |
| Without family history of liver cancer | ||||
| Never drinkers (Ref.) | 178 | 20.69 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≤15 | 25 | 16.63 | 1.11 (0.73, 1.70) | 1.15 (0.75, 1.76) |
| >15 and ≤30 | 11 | 13.04 | 0.82 (0.45, 1.51) | 0.86 (0.46, 1.58) |
| >30 | 13 | 11.12 | 0.58 (0.33, 1.02) | 0.59 (0.34, 1.05) |
| Excluding the first two-years’ observation | ||||
| Never drinkers (Ref.) | 176 | 19.82 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≤15 | 23 | 14.78 | 1.01 (0.65, 1.56) | 1.01 (0.65, 1.56) |
| >15 and ≤30 | 12 | 13.75 | 0.89 (0.49, 1.59) | 0.91 (0.50, 1.65) |
| >30 | 12 | 9.87 | 0.53 (0.30, 0.96) | 0.53 (0.30, 0.96) |
a
Per 100,000 person years.
b
Adjusted for age at study enrollment.
c
Adjusted for age at study enrollment, education, income, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, BMI, history of chronic hepatitis, history of cholelithiasis, history of T2DM, family history of liver cancer, total energy intake, and total physical activity.