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. 2022 Nov 5;50(3):792–812. doi: 10.1007/s00259-022-05991-7

Table 4.

Radiation exposure from the most commonly used clinical nuclear imaging procedures

Procedure Radiotracer Effective dose per MBq Recommended activity Resulting effective dose References
ERNA [99mTc]Tc-RBCs 0.0047 mSv/MBq 555–1110 MBq 2.6–5.2 mSv [24]
SPECT MPI [99mTc]Tc-labeled perfusion tracers

[99mTc]Tc-tetrofosmin (stress and rest): 0.0058 and 0.0063 mSv/MBq, respectively

[99mTc]Tc-sestamibi (stress and rest): 0.0066 and 0.0070 mSv/MBq, respectively

 Depending on protocol (1-day vs. 2-day protocol, stress only, CZT vs. conventional camera etc.): 150–400 MBq (stress), 180–1200 MBq (rest) 0.9–11.2 mSv [29, 111]
PET MPI [15O]H2O 0.0011 mSv/MBq 2 × 400 MBq (stress/rest) 0.8 mSv [36, 112]
82Rb 0.001 mSv/MBq 2 × 10 MBq/kg (stress/rest) 1.5 mSv [36, 112, 113]
[13N]NH3 0.0027 mSv/MBq 2 × 400 MBq (stress/rest) 1.8 mSv [36, 112, 113]
Innervation SPECT [123I]mIBG 0.037 mSv/MBq 111–370 MBq 4.1 – 13.7 mSv [114]
Viability/inflammation PET 2-[18F]FDG 0.019 mSv/MBq 185–555 MBq 3.5–10.5 mSv [112, 115, 116]
Vascular toxicity PET 2-[18F]FDG 0.019 mSv/MBq 3–4 MBq/kg 4–7.5 mSv [94, 112]

[99mTc]Tc-RBCs, [99mTc]Tc-labeled red blood cells; [123I]mIBG, [123I]-metaiodobenzylguanidine; [18F]FDG, 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose; ERNA, equilibrium radionuclide angiography; MPI, myocardial perfusion imaging; PET, positron emission tomography; SPECT, single-photon emission computed tomography