Table 2.
Clusters identified.
| Label | The small traditionalists | The big traditionalists | The pioneers | The ruralists | The glocalists | The localists | The newcomers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dimension | 30,000-100,000 | 30,000–100,000 but also big cities with more 250,000 inhabitants (e.g. Genova or Torino) | 30,000–100,000 but also big cities with more than 250,000 inhabitants (i.e. Milan) | 30–100,000 but also with more 100,000 inhabitants (e.g. Ancona, Brescia) | 30,000–100,000 but also with more 100,000 inhabitants (e.g. Bolog,a Parma, Salerno) | 30,000-100,000, but also with more 100,000 inhabitants (e.g. Bergamo, Reggio Emilia) | 30,000–100,000 but also with more 100,000 inhabitants (e.g. Livorno, Padova) |
| Location | Northern Italy | North (80 %), and in the Northwest (60 %), | Northern Italy (50 %) and Southern Italy (25 %) | Equal distribution | Central and Southern Italy (50 %) but also in the Northeast (25 %) | Northern Italy (75 %) | North-East, Central and Southern Italy |
| Political Experience | 3–5 years | 3-5 years | Less than 3 years | 3–5 years | 3–5 years | 3–5 years | Less than 3 years |
| Years of Implementation | 3 years | 3 years | 3 years | 3 years | 3 years | 3 years | 3 years |
| SNAI classificationa | Pole and Belt | Pole | Pole and Semi-Peripheral (with distribution similar to the average) | Pole and Semi-Peripheral (with distribution similar to the average) | Belt | Poles and Peripheral | Belt |
| SDGs identified as priority | Health (SDG3), education (SDG4) and Climate change (SDG13) | Poverty (SDG1), Education (SDG4), Jobs creation (SDG8), Inequalities (SDG10) | Poverty (SDG1), Education (SDG4), Innovation (SDG9) and Sustainable Communities (SDG11) | Water security (SDG6), Education (SDG4), Sustainable Communities (SDG11) and Partnerships for the Goals (SDG17) | Poverty (SDG1), Jobs creation (SDG8), Sustainable Communities (SDG11) and Climate Change (SDG13) | Clean Energy (SDG7), and Sustainable Communities (SDG11) | Health (SDG3), Clean Energy (SDG7) and Responsible production & consumption (SDG12) |
a
SNAI stands for the National Strategy for Internal Areas. It is a national policy that attempts to foster territorial cohesion and development, through projects that aim at reducing marginalization and demographic decline of internal and rural areas in Italy. So ar the policy has identified around 72 areas, involving 1077 municipalities, with a population of more than 2 million inhabitants. For further information please cf. https://www.agenziacoesione.gov.it/strategia-nazionale-aree-interne/