| Variables (n = 200) |
Maternal blood with lead levels positive (n = 119) n (%) |
Maternal blood with lead levels negative (n = 81) n (%) |
Statics | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mother’s age (Years) | ||||
| < 25 (17) | 8 (6.7) | 9 (11.1) | χ2 = 1.2 | 0.737 |
| 25–30 (133) | 81 (68.0) | 52 (64.1) | ||
| 31–35 (47) | 28 (23.5) | 19 (23.4) | ||
| > 35 (3) | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.2) | ||
| Mean ± SD (years) | 28.6 ± 3.41 | 28.5 ± 3.27 | t = 0.44# | |
| Educational level | ||||
| None (4) | 3(2.5) | 1() | χ2 = 1.2 | 0.890 |
| ≤ 10 (34) | 21 (17.6) | 13(16.0) | ||
| Intermediate (60) | 33 (27.7) | 27 (33.3) | ||
| Graduation (78) | 48 (40.3) | 30 (37.0) | ||
| Post graduate (23) | 14(11.7) | 9(11.11) | ||
| >PG (1) | 0(0) | 1(1.2) | t = 0.6 | |
| Positive maternal occupational exposure | ||||
| Housewife (191) | 117 (98.3) | 74 (91.4) | ||
| Working (9) | 2 (1.7) | 7 (8.6) | t = 0.28 | 0.80 |
| No. of years in present Residence | ||||
| Residence < 3 year (10) | 7 (5.8) | 3 (3.7) | χ2 = 0.48 | 0.487 |
| > 3 Years (190) | 112 (94.1) | 78 (96.2) | t = 0.29 | |
| Recent Home painting | ||||
| Home painting (> 1 year) (65) | 29 (24.3) | 36 (44.4) | χ2 = 8.8 | 0.002* |
| ≤ 1 years (65) | 90 (75.6) | 45 (55.5) | t = 0.61 | |
| Location of residence from traffic congestion/major roads | ||||
| Traffic congestion (≤ 2 km) (90) | 47 (39.4) | 43 (53.0) | χ2 = 3.59 | 0.057* |
| > 2 km (110) | 72 (60.5) | 38 (46.9) | t = 1.49 | |
| Source of drinking water | ||||
| Borehole (48) | 27 (22.6) | 21 (25.9) | χ2 = 0.61 | 0.733 |
| RO/bottle water (83) | 52 (43.6) | 31 (38.2) | ||
| Public supply (69) | 40 (33.6) | 29 (35.8) | t = 1.61 | |
| Fuel source | ||||
| LPG (200) | 119 (59.5) | 81 (40.5) | t = 0.26 | 0.760 |
| Other sources (kerosene, wood, coal etc.) (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
#Student t test, χ2 Chi square test
*Statistically significant