Table 2.
Odds Ratios (OR) or standardized beta coefficients (β) for the effects of the Polygenic Scores (PGS) for mental health problems on music engagement (no/yes, 0/1), amount of lifetime music practice, music achievements, general artistic and scientific achievements, sport engagement (no/yes, 0/1) and amount of lifetime sport practice.
| Music | Achievements | Sport | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engagement (no/yes) | Practice | Achievements | Artistic | Scientific | Engagement (no/yes) | Practice | ||||||||
| N | 4,431 | 1,220 | 5,636 | 3,838 | 3,836 | 3,837 | 3,885 | 1,559 | 5,440 | |||||
| Polygenic score | OR | P-value | β | P- | β | P-value | OR | P-value | β | P-value | OR | P-value | β | P-value |
| MDD | 1.08* | 0.04 | 0.04** | <0.01 | 0.02 | 0.40 | 0.12* | 0.04 | −0.08* | 0.02 | 0.94* | 0.05 | −0.04** | <0.01 |
| Bipolar | 1.12** | <0.01 | 0.04* | 0.02 | 0.05* | 0.05 | 0.15** | 0.01 | 0.07* | 0.03 | 1.01 | 0.67 | −0.02 | 0.29 |
| Schizophrenia | 1.03 | 0.41 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 0.01 | 0.61 | 0.12* | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 1.02 | 0.53 | 0.00 | 0.92 |
| Neuroticism | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.01 | 0.54 | −0.04 | 0.12 | −0.03 | 0.55 | −0.14** | <0.001 | 0.90** | <0.01 | −0.03* | 0.02 |
| SESA | 1.03 | 0.96 | 0.02 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 0.85 | 0.05 | 0.36 | −0.05 | 0.11 | 0.92** | <0.01 | −0.05** | <0.001 |
| Depressive symptoms | 0.98 | 0.61 | −0.00 | 0.87 | −0.05 | 0.07 | −0.05 | 0.37 | −0.09** | <0.01 | 0.95 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 0.96 |
| Sensitivity analyses | ||||||||||||||
| N | 4,217 | 1,148 | 5,350 | 3,640 | ||||||||||
| MDD | 1.05 | 0.23 | 0.04* | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.66 | ||||||||
| Bipolar | 1.11** | 0.01 | 0.04* | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.09 | ||||||||
**Adjusted p-value < 0.016, *p-value < 0.05. MDD major depressive disorder, SESA sensitivity to environmental stress.
Sample sizes are reported at the top. The lower part of the table displays the results of the sensitivity analyses for PGS MDD and Bipolar in a sample excluding individuals who received a depression or bipolar diagnosis (N = 286) while including self-reported depressive symptoms as a covariate. Significant effects in bold.