Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Sep 7;48(3):448–458. doi: 10.1038/s41386-022-01429-8

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 3 — a Experiment schedule. b Active and inactive lever presses (left) and infusion (right) during acquisition and baseline sessions of saline or cocaine self-administration (N = 10 and 15 mice, respectively). c Slice recordings 24 h after the last baseline session in mice infected with Chrimson-eYFP in the OFC. d Box plot of the distribution (median, 25 %, 75 %, minimal and maximal values) of the ratios of optogentically evoked AMPAR to NMDAR-EPSCs (A/N) recorded at positive potential (+40 mV) from several cells (total of 215 recorded cells/31 mice, with 2–10 cells/mouse) in mice that were naive or underwent saline or cocaine SA but did not experience punishment (Saline or Cocaine SA, NPR, N = 6, 10 and 15 mice respectively). e Left, example traces (average of 15 sweeps) of AMPAR- and NMDAR-EPSCs recorded at +40 mV. Scale bars, 50 ms, 50 pA. Right panel, grouped data for A/N ratio (N = 6, 10 and 15 mice, mean of 2–10 cells/mouse). Tukey post-test: ***P < 0.001. f Mean amplitude of AMPAR- and NMDAR-EPSCs evoked with optogenetic stimulation (o-EPSCs) of OFC terminals in slices per mouse (N = 6, 10 and 15 mice). Bonferroni post-test ***P < 0.0001, for AMPAR vs NMDAR amplitude in mice that underwent cocaine SA without punishment session; °P < 0.001, for oAMPAR-EPSCs amplitude from naive vs cocaine SA, NPR; °°°P < 0.001, for oAMPAR-EPSCs amplitude from saline vs cocaine SA, NPR. g Example traces (average of 15 sweeps) of AMPAR-EPSCs recorded at −70, 0, and +40 mV and rectification index in naive mice and mice that underwent cocaine SA (N = 6, 10, and 15 mice, 215 cells from 31 mice, mean of 2–10 cells/mouse). Scale bars, 20 ms, 250 pA. Example traces (average of 3 sweeps) of two successive AMPAR-EPSCs with an inter-pulse interval of 76 ms recorded at −70 mV and paired-pulse ratio (PPR) in naive and saline or cocaine self-administering mice, no punishment risk associated (N = 6, 10 and 15 mice, 268 cells from 31 mice, mean of 3–18 cells/mouse). Scale bars, 50 ms, 200 pA. h Example traces (1 sweep) of spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs) were recorded at −70 mV. Frequency and amplitude of sEPSCs in naive and saline or cocaine SA, NPR (N = 6, 10, and 15 mice, 236 cells from 31 mice, mean of 4–12 cells/mouse). Scale bars, 500 ms, 20 pA. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. NPR, No punishment risk.