Table 1.
Histopathologic findings in pigs with and without swine dysentery after Brachyspira hyodysenteriae infection and fed a diet containing sugar beet pulp and resistant starch diet in one of the inoculated groups.
| Control (n=12) | Bhyo (n=12) | Bhyo-RS (n=12) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross lesion score (IQR) | 0b (0) | 10a (2.25) | 8.5a (3) | <0.0001 |
| Histopathology | ||||
| Neutrophil count (numbers, IQR) | 3.30b (4.95) | 78.90a (39.25) | 79.15a (59.7) | <0.0001 |
| Crypt depth (μm, IQR) | 625.48b (90.74) | 1033.60a (112.57) | 997.92a (176.67) | <0.0005 |
| Lectin stain(area quantification, %) | ||||
| Fucose-LTL crypt base (StdD) | 1.53b (2.15) | 10.28a (7.16) | 6.87ab (6.21) | <0.005 |
| Fucose-LTL crypt top (StdD) | 0.29a (0.51) | 15.83b (8.36) | 8.38c (7.53) | <0.0001 |
| GlcNAc-GS-II crypt base (StdD) | 14.60b (4.42) | 7.69a (6.26) | 6.17a (4.64) | <0.001 |
| GlcNAc-GS-II crypt top (IQR) | 3.14b (1.95) | 5.23a (2.66) | 5.08a (4.68) | <0.005 |
| NeuAc-SNA crypt base (StdD) | 14.25b (10.13) | 2.57a (4.08) | 4.36a (6.14) | <0.0001 |
| NeuAc-SNA crypt top (IQR) | 21.05b (9.69) | 4.86a (12.44) | 9.65ab (12.67) | <0.0005 |
| NeuAc-MAL II crypt base (IQR) | 22.12b (4.93) | 4.15a (6.04) | 7.23a (5.00) | <0.0005 |
| NeuAc-MAL II crypt top (StdD) | 28.45 (6.60) | 28.40 (6.95) | 26.62 (9.08) | 0.799 |
| Immunohistochemistry(area quantification, %) | ||||
| NeuGc (IQR) | 11.97 (9.24) | 8.44 (7.17) | 9.91 (12.13) | 0.069 |
| MUC5AC total (IQR) | 0.04b (0.06) | 5.78a (5.27) | 5.56a (3.86) | <0.0001 |
| MUC5AC-crypt base (IQR) | 0.11b (0.13) | 0.63a (0.22) | 0.76a (1.16) | <0.0005 |
| MUC5AC-crypt top (IQR) | 0.11b (0.13) | 8.87a (5.40) | 8.98a (8.41) | <0.0001 |
| MUC2 total (StdD) | 30.10 (7.09) | 32. 63 (5.73) | 33.39 (5.88) | 0.412 |
| MUC2 crypt base (StdD) | 32.35b (6.54) | 23.44a (4.72) | 22.25a (6.37) | <0.0005 |
| MUC2 crypt top (StdD) | 23.03b (5.12) | 32.71a (3.88) | 32.53a (6.83) | <0.0001 |
| RNA in situ hybridization | ||||
| IL-17A (H score, IQR) | 0.33a (0.07) | 0.43a (0.25) | 0.45a (0.35) | <0.05 |
Results reflect the mean or median for each group as appropriate for their distribution. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal Wallis test whenever applicable.
RS, sugar beet pulp and resistant starch diet; Bhyo, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae; IQR, Interquartile range; StdD, Standard deviation; NeuGc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid; NeuAc, N-acetylneuraminic acid; SNA, Sambucus nigra; GlcNAc, N-acetylglucosamine; GS-II, Griffonia simplicifolia II; MUC5AC, mucin 5AC; MUC2, mucin 2; IL-17A, interleukin 17A.
abc The groups not marked by the same letters are significantly different in the post hoc multiple comparisons, while groups marked with the same letters are not significantly different.