TABLE 2.
Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics between low and high PNI groups in the development and validation cohort in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.
| Variables | Development cohort | Validation cohort | ||||||||||
| 3 months | 6 months | 3 months | 6 months | |||||||||
| PNI < 35.47 (n = 122) | PNI > 35.47 (n = 92) | P | PNI < 35.47 (n = 122) | PNI > 35.47 (n = 92) | P | PNI < 35.47 (n = 79) | PNI > 35.47 (n = 60) | P | PNI < 35.47 (n = 79) | PNI > 35.47 (n = 60) | P | |
| Gender (n, %) | 0.196 | 0.196 | 0.861 | 0.861 | ||||||||
| Male | 77 (63.1%) | 50 (54.3%) | 77 (63.1%) | 50 (54.3%) | 42 (53.2%) | 31 (51.7%) | 42 (53.2%) | 31 (51.7%) | ||||
| Female | 45 (36.9%) | 42 (45.7%) | 45 (36.9%) | 42 (45.7%) | 37 (46.8%) | 29 (48.3%) | 37 (46.8%) | 29 (48.3%) | ||||
| Age (years) | 61.0 ± 13.5 | 62.0 ± 12.1 | 0.578 | 61.0 ± 13.5 | 62.0 ± 12.1 | 0.578 | 62.6 ± 12.4 | 59.6 ± 12.7 | 0.164 | 62.6 ± 12.4 | 59.6 ± 12.7 | 0.164 |
| WBC (109/L) | 3.7 (2.4–5.5) | 3.9 (2.7–5.3) | 0.557 | 3.7 (2.4–5.5) | 3.9 (2.7–5.3) | 0.557 | 3.7 (2.4–5.8) | 4.1 (3.1–6.2) | 0.166 | 3.7 (2.4–5.8) | 4.1 (3.1–6.2) | 0.166 |
| HGB (g/L) | 91.7 ± 24.3 | 102.4 ± 25.5 | 0.002 | 91.7 ± 24.3 | 102.4 ± 25.5 | 0.002 | 87.9 ± 23.6 | 101.3 ± 30.8 | 0.004 | 87.9 ± 23.6 | 101.3 ± 30.8 | 0.004 |
| PLT (109/L) | 59.0 (41.0–92.5) | 65.5 (48.3–108.3) | 0.094 | 59.0 (41.0–92.5) | 65.5 (48.3–108.3) | 0.094 | 63.0 (44.0–98.0) | 81.5 (52.0–116.8) | 0.022 | 63.0 (44.0–98.0) | 81.5 (52.0–116.8) | 0.022 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 28.7 (18.1–48.3) | 21.5 (15.0–33.4) | 0.001 | 28.7 (18.1–48.3) | 21.5 (15.0–33.4) | 0.001 | 31.8 (19.8–54.8) | 24.4 (15.0–37.8) | 0.001 | 31.8 (19.8–54.8) | 24.4 (15.0–37.8) | 0.070 |
| ALT (U/L) | 25.0 (15.0–42.3) | 25.0 (17.0–40.8) | 0.917 | 25.0 (15.0–42.3) | 25.0 (17.0–40.8) | 0.917 | 23.0 (16.0–37.0) | 24.0 (19.0–45.8) | 0.279 | 23.0 (16.0–37.0) | 24.0 (19.0–45.8) | 0.279 |
| AST (U/L) | 37.0 (23.0–65.0) | 31.0 (22.0–52.0) | 0.094 | 37.0 (23.0–65.0) | 31.0 (22.0–52.0) | 0.094 | 37.0 (23.0–60.0) | 34.5 (22.3–60.5) | 0.975 | 37.0 (23.0–60.0) | 34.5 (22.3–60.5) | 0.975 |
| GGT (U/L) | 47.5 (19.8–155.3) | 62.0 (28.5–140.8) | 0.232 | 47.5 (19.8–155.3) | 62.0 (28.5–140.8) | 0.232 | 36.0 (18.0–83.0) | 54.0 (24.5–150.8) | 0.078 | 36.0 (18.0–83.0) | 54.0 (24.5–150.8) | 0.078 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 6.0 (4.2–8.8) | 5.2 (4.2–6.4) | 0.060 | 6.0 (4.2–8.8) | 5.2 (4.2–6.4) | 0.060 | 6.9 (4.7–10.5) | 5.8 (4.6–8.6) | 0.044 | 6.9 (4.7–10.5) | 5.8 (4.6–8.6) | 0.044 |
| Cr (umol/L) | 69.8 (58.2–90.8) | 64.6 (54.4–82.1) | 0.061 | 69.8 (58.2–90.8) | 64.6 (54.4–82.1) | 0.061 | 60.7 (48.4–81.0) | 57.4 (47.1–81.5) | 0.230 | 60.7 (48.4–81.0) | 57.4 (47.1–81.5) | 0.230 |
| PT (S) | 15.5 (14.0–16.9) | 13.7 (12.7–14.9) | <0.001 | 15.5 (14.0–16.9) | 13.7 (12.7–14.9) | <0.001 | 15.6 (14.5–17.7) | 14.2 (12.9–15.4) | < 0.001 | 15.6 (14.5–17.7) | 14.2 (12.9–15.4) | <0.001 |
| PNI | 30.0 ± 3.7 | 40.6 ± 4.8 | <0.001 | 30.0 ± 3.7 | 40.6 ± 4.8 | <0.001 | 31.2 (27.9–33.0) | 40.4 (37.4–43.8) | < 0.001 | 31.2 (27.9–33.0) | 40.4 (37.4–43.8) | <0.001 |
| MELD score | 12.6 (10.2–16.0) | 9.4 (8.1–11.4) | <0.001 | 12.6 (10.2–16.0) | 9.4 (8.1–11.4) | <0.001 | 12.5 (10.0–16.3) | 10.3 (8.3–12.6) | < 0.001 | 12.5 (10.0–16.3) | 10.3 (8.3–12.6) | <0.001 |
| Mortality (n, %) | 20 (16.4%) | 2 (2.2%) | 0.001 | 27 (22.1%) | 3 (3.3%) | <0.001 | 15 (19.0%) | 1 (1.7%) | 0.002 | 23 (29.1%) | 1 (1.7%) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as number, mean ± standard deviation, median (25th–75th percentiles), or frequency [percentage (%)]. WBC, white blood cell; LYM, lymphocyte; HGB, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet; ALB, albumin; TBIL, total bilirubin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, γ–glutamyl transpeptidase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Cr, creatinine; PT, prothrombin time; PNI, prognostic nutritional index; MELD, Model for End–Stage Liver Disease.