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. 2023 Jan 6;10:1081233. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1081233

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Copyright © 2023 Li, Zhou, Qiao, Shi, Qiu and Dong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Representative products of four companies. (A) Cytograft Tissue Engineering Inc.—The Lifeline™ graft: a completely biological, living, and autologous human blood vessel. The Lifeline™ graft displays remarkably high burst pressure, even though it contains no scaffolding materials, and also shows good suture retention abilities as well as remarkable flexibility (L’Heureux and McAllister, 2008). (B) Humacyte, Inc., —Human acellular vessels (HAVs): gross photos of engineered human acellular vessels, 6 mm in diameter (Niklason and Lawson, 2020). (C) Vascudyne, Inc. —Arteriovenous graft (AVG): side view and end-on view image of a 6-mm-diameter decellularized tissue-engineered vascular graft (Syedain et al., 2017). (D) LeMaitre Vascular, Inc., —Artegraft^®: a bovine carotid artery (BCA) graft before tunneling (Pineda et al., 2017).