Table 1.
Baseline demographic, lifestyle, and laboratory characteristics in subjects with and without diabetes.
| Non-diabetic | Diabetic | Standardized Difference (95% CI), % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants(n) | 12503 | 320 | |
| Age(years) | 43.46 (8.69) | 46.83 (8.38) | 39 (28, 51) |
| Gender | 48 (37, 59) | ||
| Women | 5728 (45.81%) | 75 (23.44%) | |
| Men | 6775 (54.19%) | 245 (76.56%) | |
| Height (m) | 1.65 (0.08) | 1.66 (0.09) | 17 (5, 28) |
| Weight (kg) | 60.38 (11.44) | 70.24 (13.58) | 79 (67, 90) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.03 (3.05) | 25.23 (3.90) | 91 (80, 103) |
| WC (cm) | 76.16 (8.98) | 85.45 (10.38) | 96 (85, 107) |
| WHtR | 0.46 (0.05) | 0.51 (0.06) | 96 (85, 107) |
| ALT (IU/L) | 17.00 (13.00-23.00) | 25.00 (19.00-39.25) | 69 (58, 80) |
| AST (IU/L) | 17.00 (14.00-21.00) | 20.00 (16.00-26.00) | 42 (31, 53) |
| GGT (IU/L) | 15.00 (11.00-22.00) | 24.00 (17.00-36.00) | 49 (38, 60) |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.45 (0.39) | 1.18 (0.31) | 79 (67, 90) |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.11 (0.85) | 5.44 (0.87) | 38 (27, 49) |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.73 (0.50-1.11) | 1.24 (0.88-1.96) | 75 (64, 86) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.15 (0.32) | 5.49 (0.36) | 102 (91, 113) |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.14 (0.41) | 5.60 (0.36) | 122 (110, 133) |
| SBP (mmHg) | 114.24 (14.81) | 122.45 (15.82) | 54 (43, 65) |
| DBP (mmHg) | 71.48 (10.33) | 77.47 (10.23) | 58 (47, 69) |
| Fatty liver | 2036 (16.28%) | 197 (61.56%) | 105 (94, 116) |
| Exercise habits | 2153 (17.22%) | 41 (12.81%) | 12 (1, 23) |
| Drinking status | 20 (9, 31) | ||
| No/little | 9581 (76.63%) | 230 (71.88%) | |
| Light | 1432 (11.45%) | 34 (10.62%) | |
| Moderate | 1075 (8.60%) | 32 (10.00%) | |
| Heavy | 415 (3.32%) | 24 (7.50%) | |
| Smoking status | 47 (36, 58) | ||
| Non | 7378 (59.01%) | 121 (37.81%) | |
| Past | 2345 (18.76%) | 66 (20.62%) | |
| Current | 2780 (22.23%) | 133 (41.56%) |
Values were expressed as mean (SD) or medians (quartile interval) or n (%). BMI, body mass index; WC, Waist circumference; WHtR, Waist-to-height ratio; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.