TABLE 1.
The names, origins and doses of the samples tested.
| Group | Name | Origin | Human dose (estimated) |
Zebrafish dose (μg/ml) |
| Positive drugs | Selegiline | Chemical substance (Orion Corporation, Finland) | N.A. | 20 |
| N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) | Chemical substance (Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd) |
N.A. | 62.5 | |
| Glutathione | Chemical substance (Sigma) |
N.A. | 615 | |
| Donepezil hydrochloride | Chemical substance (Eisai China Inc.) |
N.A. | 3.33 | |
| Nutrients | Stachyose | The plant extract, a galactose derivative of sucrose (Xi’an APP-Chem (Tech) Co., Ltd) |
3 g/day | 500 |
| Lactic acid bacteria-Lactobacillus Plantarum (PS 128) | Traditional fermented mustard products of Taiwan (Asian Probiotics and Prebiotics corporation) |
1.8 × 1012CFU/g |
1,000 |
|
| Walnut peptides (WP) | The plant extract, bioactive peptide extracted from the protein of walnut residues (Sinphar group Co.) |
0.75 g/day | 125 | |
| Desert cistanche (DC) | The plant extract, tonic traditional Chinese medicine (Sinphar group Co.) |
0.75 g/day | 125 | |
| Casein peptides (CP) | Milk (Guangdong Huapeptides Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) |
0.6 g/day | 100 | |
| Theanine (Th) | The natural amino acid in green tea (Shanghai Novanat Co., Ltd) |
400 mg/day | 66.6 | |
| Combinations | Stachyose + PS128 | N.A. | 0.5 g/day + 9 × 1011 CFU/g | 83.3 + 500 |
| 1.5 g/day + 9 × 1011 CFU/g | 250 + 500 | |||
| 3 g/day + 9 × 1011 CFU/g | 500 + 500 | |||
| WP + DC | N.A. | 0.375 + 0.375 g/day | 62.5 + 62.5 | |
| 0.1875 + 0.562 g/day | 31.2 + 93.7 | |||
| 0.562 + 0.1875 g/day | 93.7 + 31.2 | |||
| WP + CP | N.A. | 0.085 + 0.15 g/day | 14.2 + 25 | |
| 0.17 + 0.3 g/day | 28.4 + 50 | |||
| 0.34 + 0.6 g/day | 56.7 + 100 | |||
| WP + Th | N.A. | 85 + 200 mg/day | 14.2 + 33.3 | |
| 170 + 400 mg/day | 28.4 + 66.6 |
N.A, not applicable, CFU, colony-forming unit.