| CCL2 | C-C motif ligand 2 |
| MCP-1 | monocytic chemotactic protein 1 |
| VSMCs | vascular smooth muscle cells |
| CCR | C–C chemokine receptor type |
| ACKR | atypical chemokine receptor |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TAM | tumor-associated macrophages |
| DRG | dorsal root ganglia |
| Sarm1 | sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif-containing1 |
| VCAM | vascular cell adhesion molecule |
| ICAM | intercellular adhesion molecule |
| ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| vCTB | villous cytotrophoblast |
| STB | Syncytiotrophoblast |
| EVT | extravillous trophoblast |
| DSC | decidual stromal cell |
| ESC | endometrium stromal cell |
| DIC | decidual immune cell |
| APC | antigen-presenting cell |
| IL-1β | interleukin-1 beta |
| PTGS2/COX2 | prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 |
| AP-1 | activator protein-1 |
| NF-kB | nuclear factor kappa B |
| ERΑ36 | estrogen receptor Α36 |
| TLR | toll-like receptor |
| hCG | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| PGF2Α | prostaglandin F2Α |
| PTGFR | PGF2Α receptor |
| HUSMC | human uterine smooth muscle cells |
| PLC | phospholipase C |
| PKC | protein kinase C |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase |
| VIP | vasoactive intestinal peptide |
| RANKL/TNFSF11 | receptor-activator of NF-kB ligand |
| c-JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| PAR-1 | proteinase-activated receptors-1 |
| MEK | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase |
| InsP3 | PLC-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate |
| HO-1 | Heme oxygenase-1 |
| LPA | lysophosphatidic acid |
| GPR | G protein-coupled receptor |
| JAK | Janus kinase |
| IL-1Ra | IL-1 receptor antagonist |
| IFN-γ | Interferon Gamma |
| M-MDSC | Myelomonocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell |
| STAT | transducer and activator of transcription |
| SOCS | Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling |
| TJP | tight junction protein |
| COX | cyclooxygenase |
| Ang | angiopoietin |
| HUVEC | human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| TIE | tyrosine kinase via immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains |
| NRP | neuropilin |
| Ets | E26 transformation-specific |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| PRL | recurrent pregnancy loss |
| Nrf2 | nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor |
| PTL | Preterm labor |
| IAI | intra-amniotic infection |