Table 2.
Demographic data and characteristics of participants across groups.
| TD | WD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 3 M (SD) | Grade 5 M (SD) | Grade 3 M (SD) | Grade 5 M (SD) | |
| N (boys) | 30 (14) | 34 (19) | 10 (8) | 6 (4) |
| Mean age | 8;8 (0;4) | 10;10 (0;3) | 8;8 (0;3) | 10;10 (0;4) |
| HWF* Identification Score | 6.11 (1.92) | 8.95 (2.75) | 2.45 (0.82) | 4.43 (0.54) |
| ISEI Score | 59.35(14.35) | 65.39 (6.28) | 58.86 (16.76) | 60.38 (15.02) |
TD = typically developing group; WD = writing difficulties group; HWF = handwriting fluency (alphabet task); ISEI = International Socio-economic Index Score (Ganzeboom et al.,1992).
*
The data was collected when struggling students were identified a year before the current study; that is, when the Grade 3 group was attending 2nd grade, and the Grade 5 children were attending 4th grade.