TABLE 5.

Macular deep [inner plexiform layer (IPL)-outer plexiform layer (OPL)] vascular plexus vessel density (OCTA) adjusted linear mixed model estimates (%).

Vessel density region (ETDRS)	All	All SUP Hemi	All INF Hemi	Fovea	Para fovea	Para SUP Hemi	Para INF Hemi	Para SUP	Para INF	Para NAS	Para TEM	Peri fovea	Peri SUP Hemi	Peri INF Hemi	Peri SUP	Peri INF	Peri NAS	Peri TEM
Intercept	52.5	49.3	55.8	39.8	54.8	54.8	54.9	52.7	59.7	50.2	56.8	55.1	51.8	58.4	51.7	55.9	49.3	63.1
Gender
MAP_0										0.2
Age										−0.2
Diagnosis
POAG (vs. normal)															−5.8			−5.7
NTG (vs. normal)	−5.2	−4.8	−5.5		−3.7	−4.0		−5.0				−5.9	−5.2	−6.6	−5.7	−6.7		−6.3
NTG (vs. POAG)
Time				−20.0
Gender*time
MAP_0*time	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2		−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.3	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.2	−0.3	−0.2
MAPdiff*time
Age*time	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5		0.4	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.4
Diagnosis*time
POAG (vs. normal)
NTG (vs. normal)				−4.0					−4.6	−4.3
NTG (vs. POAG)				−4.5

Only significant responses (p < 0.05) are reported, blank cells indicate a non-significant result. The intercept represents the inferred VD for male healthy participants. If significant, the other variables show an additional effect on the intercept VD. E.g., adding the value for gender results in the inferred VD for female healthy participants. The variable time represents the overall effect of the handgrip test. The combination variables refer to how a certain variable influenced the VD change during the handgrip test. LMM variable changes can only be separately considered bearing in mind that the other variables -theoretically- need to remain constant. MAP_0, mean arterial pressure at baseline; POAG, primary open angle glaucoma; NTG, normal tension glaucoma; MAPdiff, difference of mean arterial pressure during examination; SUP, superior; Hemi, hemisphere; INF, inferior; Para, parafovea; NAS, nasal; TEM, temporal.