Table 4.
Logistic regression odds ratios for reporting any problems on each EQ-5D-3L dimension in 7 countries.
| Belgium | France | Germany | Italy | Netherlands | Spain | US MEPS | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | Std. Err. | Odds ratio | Std. Err. | Odds ratio | Std. Err. | Odds ratio | Std. Err. | Odds ratio | Std. Err. | Odds ratio | Std. Err. | Odds ratio | Std. Err. | |
| Mobility | ||||||||||||||
| Sex | 1.373 | 0.227 | 1.618 | 0.239 | 1.155 | 0.124 | 1.450 | 0.163 | 1.585 | 0.288 | 1.606 | 0.177 | 1.165 | 0.041 |
| Age groups | 1.645 | 0.094 | 1.912 | 0.094 | 1.925 | 0.066 | 2.297 | 0.102 | 1.530 | 0.085 | 1.917 | 0.073 | 1.748 | 0.018 |
| Edu2 | 1.017 | 0.212 | 1.323 | 0.227 | 1.840 | 0.464 | 1.609 | 0.259 | 1.324 | 0.258 | 1.426 | 0.213 | 1.470 | 0.065 |
| Income | 1.066 | 0.035 | 1.045 | 0.070 | 1.122 | 0.059 | 1.185 | 0.066 | 1.093 | 0.081 | 1.075 | 0.056 | 1.361 | 0.020 |
| _Cons | 0.009 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.007 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.009 | 0.001 |
| Self care | ||||||||||||||
| Sex | 1.379 | 0.293 | 0.909 | 0.215 | 1.418 | 0.353 | 1.962 | 0.333 | 2.869 | 0.903 | 2.016 | 0.408 | 0.917 | 0.052 |
| Age groups | 1.632 | 0.179 | 1.709 | 0.142 | 2.174 | 0.182 | 2.200 | 0.159 | 1.364 | 0.161 | 1.794 | 0.116 | 1.613 | 0.030 |
| Edu2 | 0.876 | 0.239 | 1.351 | 0.390 | 1.883 | 0.632 | 1.614 | 0.397 | 0.996 | 0.360 | 2.055 | 0.604 | 1.613 | 0.114 |
| Income | 1.078 | 0.071 | 1.212 | 0.135 | 1.212 | 0.139 | 1.202 | 0.108 | 1.195 | 0.177 | 1.102 | 0.102 | 1.522 | 0.036 |
| _Cons | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Usual activities | ||||||||||||||
| Sex | 1.473 | 0.194 | 1.191 | 0.191 | 1.172 | 0.162 | 1.785 | 0.203 | 1.949 | 0.319 | 1.747 | 0.214 | 1.330 | 0.042 |
| Age groups | 1.503 | 0.086 | 1.556 | 0.084 | 1.695 | 0.079 | 1.948 | 0.082 | 1.303 | 0.060 | 1.636 | 0.061 | 1.559 | 0.015 |
| Edu2 | 1.128 | 0.192 | 1.210 | 0.232 | 1.899 | 0.440 | 1.791 | 0.293 | 1.102 | 0.193 | 1.288 | 0.205 | 1.350 | 0.063 |
| Income | 1.087 | 0.040 | 1.124 | 0.085 | 1.200 | 0.095 | 1.215 | 0.069 | 1.081 | 0.072 | 1.187 | 0.063 | 1.388 | 0.019 |
| _Cons | 0.010 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.013 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.012 | 0.001 |
| Pain/discomfort | ||||||||||||||
| Sex | 1.298 | 0.143 | 1.163 | 0.115 | 1.336 | 0.117 | 1.741 | 0.132 | 1.405 | 0.162 | 1.716 | 0.157 | 1.252 | 0.031 |
| Age groups | 1.319 | 0.049 | 1.412 | 0.045 | 1.382 | 0.049 | 1.538 | 0.037 | 1.221 | 0.045 | 1.341 | 0.034 | 1.470 | 0.013 |
| Edu2 | 1.167 | 0.180 | 1.116 | 0.125 | 1.553 | 0.369 | 1.420 | 0.127 | 1.029 | 0.130 | 1.423 | 0.150 | 1.207 | 0.048 |
| Income | 1.052 | 0.026 | 1.150 | 0.055 | 1.097 | 0.053 | 1.069 | 0.041 | 1.073 | 0.057 | 0.979 | 0.043 | 1.211 | 0.013 |
| _Cons | 0.073 | 0.019 | 0.075 | 0.018 | 0.052 | 0.012 | 0.018 | 0.004 | 0.111 | 0.030 | 0.029 | 0.007 | 0.092 | 0.006 |
| Anxiety/depression | ||||||||||||||
| Sex | 1.605 | 0.364 | 1.161 | 0.150 | 1.404 | 0.271 | 2.257 | 0.253 | 2.150 | 0.743 | 1.850 | 0.262 | 1.415 | 0.037 |
| Age groups | 1.065 | 0.068 | 1.004 | 0.042 | 1.040 | 0.074 | 1.257 | 0.048 | 0.796 | 0.098 | 1.155 | 0.039 | 1.127 | 0.011 |
| Edu2 | 0.987 | 0.287 | 0.941 | 0.136 | 1.755 | 0.712 | 1.185 | 0.176 | 2.521 | 1.091 | 1.412 | 0.218 | 1.116 | 0.037 |
| Income | 1.143 | 0.053 | 0.974 | 0.065 | 1.088 | 0.095 | 1.023 | 0.063 | 0.897 | 0.137 | 1.130 | 0.071 | 1.285 | 0.014 |
| _Cons | 0.015 | 0.007 | 0.149 | 0.045 | 0.018 | 0.008 | 0.009 | 0.002 | 0.021 | 0.015 | 0.009 | 0.003 | 0.081 | 0.005 |
Shaded fields in the table highlight the income related odds ratios. Values greater than 1 indicate the existence of income-related inequities in reported problems along the 5 dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L descriptive system.