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. 2023 Jan 6;13:1068421. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1068421

Table 3.

Results of linear regression model indicating independent predictors of the QOL.

Variables Univariate regression Multiple regression
B 95%CI p B 95%CI p
Age 0.081 −0.263 0.425 0.645
Number of complains −3.684 −5.313 −2.055 <0.001 * −0.46 −1.72 0.801 0.477
ADL 1.342 −0.845 3.529 0.233
IADL 1.449 0.268 2.631 0.018 * 0.207 −0.764 1.178 0.677
BDI −1.436 −1.657 −1.215 <0.001 * −1.328 −1.577 −1.08 <0.001 *
EDSS −1.723 −3.304 −0.143 0.036 * −0.887 −2.258 0.484 0.209
Sex Female ref.
Male 2.845 −6.572 12.262 0.555
Education Basic or vocational ref. ref.
Secondary 1.766 −7.93 11.462 0.722
Higher 10.707 0.786 20.628 0.037 * 2.559 −2.316 7.433 0.307
Place of residence City ref.
Village −4.795 −13.991 4.402 0.31
Marital status Single ref. ref.
Married 3.287 −4.813 11.387 0.429
Widowed and divorced 11.72 −1.507 24.946 0.086 3.273 −4.326 10.872 0.401
Material status < 1,000 PLN ref. ref.
501–1,000 PLN 2.821 −6.198 11.84 0.542
> 2000 PLN 10.457 1.317 19.597 0.028 * 0.048 −5.393 5.489 0.986
Disease duration < 5 years ref.
5–10 years −2.469 −12.318 7.38 0.625
> 10 years −3.476 −12.354 5.401 0.445
*

Statistically significant. ADL, Activities of Daily Living questionnaire; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living questionnaire; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; QoL, quality of life.