Table 1.
Characteristics of the study sample (n = 104).
| n (%) or mean (±SD) or median (25th–75th) | |
|---|---|
| Age at the clinical visit (years) | 35.8 (±13.6) |
| 18–25 | 27 (26.0%) |
| 26–35 | 36 (34.6%) |
| 36–50 | 25 (24.0%) |
| 51–70 | 16 (15.4%) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 84 (80.8%) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 3 (2.9%) |
| Hispanic | 6 (5.8%) |
| Others | 11 (10.6%) |
| Highest education completed | |
| High school or equivalent | 24 (23.1%) |
| Associate's degree | 19 (18.3%) |
| College/Bachelor's degree | 34 (32.7%) |
| Master's or doctoral degree | 21 (20.2%) |
| Unknown | 6 (5.8%) |
| Marital status | |
| Single | 36 (34.6%) |
| Married | 43 (41.3%) |
| Partnered | 17 (16.3%) |
| Divorced | 5 (4.8%) |
| Widowed | 3 (2.9%) |
| Employment | |
| Full-time | 43 (41.3%) |
| Part-time | 15 (14.4%) |
| Not working | 39 (37.5%) |
| Unknown | 7 (6.7%) |
| BMI at initial visit (kg/m2) | 28.0 (±8.4) |
| <18.5 | 4 (3.8%) |
| 18.5–24.9 | 35 (33.7%) |
| 25.0–29.9 | 36 (34.6%) |
| ≥30 | 29 (27.9%) |
| Ever used tobacco | 34 (32.7%) |
| Childhood sexual abuse | 22 (21.1%) |
| Childhood physical or emotional abuse | 23 (22.1%) |
| Any childhood abuse | 37 (35.6%) |
| Adult sexual abuse | 24 (23.1%) |
| Adult physical or emotional abuse | 35 (33.7%) |
| Any adult abuse | 44 (42.3%) |
| Age of non-cyclical pelvic/vulvar pain onset: range = 10–70 | 27.2 (±13.9) |
| Years with chronic pelvic/vulvar pain: range = 0–43 | 6.3 (2–11.5) |
| Pelvic/vulvar pain intensity: Likert scale 0–4a | 2.3 (±0.9) |
| Pain catastrophizing (PCS total score, 0–52) | 26.5 (±11.9) |
| Pain interference (BPI-PI, 0–10) | 5.2 (±2.8) |
| MDD | 59 (56.7%) |
| GAD | 46 (44.2%) |
| Endometriosis | 37 (35.6%) |
| Bladder pain syndrome | 19 (18.3%) |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 45 (43.4%) |
| Vulvodynia | 38 (36.5%) |
| Myofascial pelvic pain | 63 (60.6%) |
| Fibromyalgia | 14 (13.5%) |
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; NRS, numerical rating scale; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; BPI-PI, Brief Pain Inventory-Pain Interference; MDD, major depressive disorder; GAD, generalized anxiety disorder.
a
Pelvic/vulvar pain intensity was measured using the question: Please rate the following about your pelvic or vulvar pain (in a typical month): none, mild, moderate, severe, worst possible.