Table 5.
Multiple linear regression model for the covariates-adjusted association between dysmenorrhea catastrophizing and chronic pelvic pain interferencea.
| Variables predicting chronic pelvic pain interference (0–10) | Beta (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|
| Dysmenorrhea catastrophizing (1–4, lowest to highest) | 0.63 (0.06, 1.20) | 0.032 |
| Pain catastrophizing (PCS total score) | 0.02 (−0.04, 0.07) | 0.561 |
| Pelvic pain intensity (0–4) | 0.96 (0.28, 1.65) | 0.006 |
| Age at clinical visit (years) | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) | 0.703 |
| Education (1–4, lowest to highest) | −0.00 (−0.53, 0.53) | 0.996 |
| White vs. other racial and ethnic groups | 0.13 (−1.34, 1.59) | 0.864 |
| Diagnosis of MDD | 0.40 (−0.76, 1.56) | 0.496 |
| Diagnosis of GAD | −0.17 (−1.43, 1.09) | 0.794 |
| Experience of childhood abuse | 0.98 (−0.25, 2.21) | 0.117 |
| Experience of adulthood abuse | 0.34 (−0.86, 1.54) | 0.579 |
CI, confidence interval; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; GAD, generalized anxiety disorder.
Missing values were imputed using multiple imputation with 10 imputation sets assuming multivariate normal distribution. All predicting variables, as well as auxiliary variables including diagnoses of bladder pain syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, endometriosis, vulvodynia, myofascial pelvic pain, fibromyalgia, pelvic pain intensity measured by NRS, ever use of tobacco (yes vs. no), BMI at the clinical visit (kg/m2), PHQ-2 screening score (ranging 0–6), and GAD-2 screening score (ranging 0–6), were included in the imputation model for variables with missing value.