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. 2023 Jan 20;18:5. doi: 10.1186/s13722-023-00361-6

Table 1.

Sample characteristics and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (N = 91)

Total Quality of work decrease
(n = 46)
Quality of work same or increase
(n = 45)
P-value
n (%) or Mean (SD)
Age (yrs.) 0.64
 18–30 22 (24) 13 (28) 9 (20)
 31–50 49 (54) 23 (50) 26 (58)
 51+ 20 (22) 10 (22) 10 (22)
Gender 0.01
 Cisgender Male 19 (21) 4 (9) 15 (33)
 Cisgender Female 71 (78) 41 (89) 30 (67)
 Other 1 (1) 1 (2)
Race/Ethnicity 0.68
 Caucasian 82 (90) 41 (89) 41 (91)
 African American 5 (6) 2 (4) 3 (7)
 Other 4 (4) 3 (7) 1 (2)
Marital status
 Married 48 (53) 23 (50) 25 (56) 0.28
 Other 43 (47) 23 (50) 20 (44)
Education level 0.72
 Lower than bachelor’s degree 21 (23) 9 (20) 12 (27)
 Bachelor’s degree 26 (29) 13 (28) 13 (25)
 Higher than bachelor’s degree 44 (48) 24 (52) 20 (44)
Have any kids
 No 27 (30) 11 (24) 16 (37) 0.17
 Yes 62 (70) 35 (76) 27 (63)
Conduct sessions with clients 0.05
 No 17 (19) 5 (11) 12 (27)
 Yes 74 (81) 41 (89) 33 (73)
Client enrollment 0.04
 A lot of change 34 (37) 22 (48) 12 (27)
 A little change/No change 57 (63) 24 (52) 33 (73)
Client engagement 0.04
 A lot of change 38 (42) 24 (52) 14 (31)
 A little change/No change 53 (58) 22 (48) 31 (69)
Client attrition 0.02
 A lot of change 24 (27) 17 (40) 7 (16)
 A little change/No change 66 (73) 29 (63) 37 (84)
Enjoyment of work
 Increase 18 (20) 1 (2) 17 (38) < .001
 Same/decrease 72 (80) 44 (98) 28 (62)
Workplace Stress (Mean, SD) 37.2 (18.0) 44.2 (18.9) 29.7 (13.6) < .001
Experienced burnout (Mean, SD)
Emotional Exhaustion (range: 0–36) 14.6 (7.6) 17.0 (7.7) 12.2 (6.9) 0.002
Personal Accomplishment (range: 0–32) 21.8 (3.4) 21.5 (3.3) 22.1 (3.5) 0.43
Depersonalization (range: 0–20) 3.0 (3.1) 3.2 (2.8) 2.7 (3.3) 0.37