Table 4.

Multivariate analysis evaluating independent risk factors associated with the onset of superinfections

	OR (95% CI)	p value
Age > 65 years	1.6 (0.60–4.56)	0.322
Charlson CI > 5	2.28 (0.89–5.83)	0.084
Prior infections (30-d)*	3.95 (1.00–15.7)	0.050
Sedation	1.58 (0.43–5.7)	0.487
Severe COVID-19	1.46 (0.66–3.25)	0.346
Prior antibiotic therapy (30-d)**	4.82 (1.28–18.1)	0.020
Respiratory failure treatment
Venturi mask (ref)	1	–
HFNC	1.27 (0.34–4.66)	0.717
Helmet CPAP	0.69 (0.25–1.92)	0.488
NIMV	2.12 (0.55–8.12)	0.271

Bold is used to emphasize relevant p values

Charlson CI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; HFNC: High Flow Nasal Cannula; CPAP: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; NIMV: Non-invasive mechanical ventilation

*Prior (30-d) infections referred to infections diagnosed within 30 days before hospital admission

**Prior (30-d) antibiotic exposure included the receival of antibiotic therapy in the 30 days before diagnosis of secondary infections