Fig. 4.

Vera@CLCMP patches improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. A Experimental design for in vivo treatment of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. B Vera@pullulan or Vera@CLCMP patches were applied to the dorsal skin of mice in vivo. C-F Vera@pullulan or Vera@CLCMP patches were applied to the dorsal skin of C57BL/6 male mice kept on HFD. Low-fat diet (LFD)-fed mice of the same age were used as a negative control. Glucose tolerance test (GTT, C) and insulin tolerance test (ITT, E) were conducted using LFD-fed or HFD-fed mice treated with Vera@pullulan or Vera@CLCMP patch. Area under the curve was quantified from GTT (D) and ITT data (F). Data is shown as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 (One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test)