Table 1.
The primers used for amplification of the antibiotic resistance genes and the PCR conditions
| Genes | Primer sequences 5′ to 3′ | PCR product size (bp) | Initial denaturation | Denaturation | Annealing | Extension | Final Extension | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ermB | TGGTTTTTGAAAGCCATGCGTCTGA | 211 | 95 °C for 5 min | 95 °C for 30 s | 60 °C for 30 s | 72 °C for 35 s | 72 °C for 10 min | [16] |
| GGAACATCTGTGGTATGGCGGGTAAGTT | ||||||||
| MefA/E | AGTATCATTAATCACTAGTGC | 346 | 95 °C for 5 min | 95 °C for 30 s | 50 °C for 30 s | 72 °C for 35 s | 72 °C for 10 min | [16] |
| TTCTTCTGGTACTAAAAGTGG | ||||||||
| ermTR | GAAGTTTAGCTTTCCTAA | 395 | 95 °C for 5 min | 95 °C for 30 s | 50 °C for 30 s | 72 °C for 35 s | 72 °C for 10 min | [16] |
| GCTTCAGCACCTGTCTTAATTGAT | ||||||||
| tetO | AACTTAGGCATTCTGGCTCAC | 515 | 95 °C for 5 min | 95 °C for 30 s | 55 °C for 30 s | 72 °C for 35 s | 72 °C for 10 min | [16] |
| TCCCACTGTTCCATATCGTCA | ||||||||
| tetM | AGTTTTAGCTCATGTTGATG | 1826 | 95 °C for 5 min | 95 °C for 30 s | 51 °C for 30 s | 72 °C for 35 s | 72 °C for 10 min | [16] |
| TCCGACTATTTGGACGACGG | ||||||||
| aphA-3 | AGCTGCCTGTTCCAAAGGTCCTGC | 305 | 95 °C for 5 min | 95 °C for 30 s | 51 °C for 30 s | 72 °C for 35 s | 72 °C for 10 min | [16] |
| CAGCTCGCGCGGATCTTTAAATGG |