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. 2023 Jan 6;13:1077644. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1077644

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Copyright © 2023 Mighty, Rubio-Navarro, Shi, Zhou, Flores-Bellver, Heissel, Onwumere, Einbond, Gharbaran, Casper, Benito-Martin and Redenti

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Urine EVs contain proteins observed in retinal EV from DR patients. (A) Venn diagrams comparing proteome from DR retina tissue derived EVs and DR Urinary EVs. (B) Heatmap of 57 common proteins showing expression in left to right, Nondiabetic retinal tissue derived EVs (ND. EVs), Non diabetic Urinary EVs (ND.UrEVs), Diabetic retinopathy retinal tissue derived EVs (DR.EVs) and Diabetic retinopathy Urinary EVs (DR.UrEVs). Pathway (C) and biological process (D) enrichment analysis of 57 common proteins found in urinary and retinal EVs from DR patients. (E) STRING protein-protein interaction networks of common protein observed in EVs from DR patients.