Table 4.
Average injection force required to extrude the stabilized whole-cell extracts resuspended (i.e., at 106 cell equivalents/mL) in various commercial hydrogel products and reference hydrogels. The mean values are presented for each group and each assay condition, along with the corresponding standard deviations. HA, hyaluronic acid; MDa, megaDalton; MW, molecular weight; N, Newton.
| Hydrogel Name | Manufacturer | Hydrogel Type/MW | Mean Plateau Injection Force (N) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ostenil Tendon | TRB Chemedica | Linear HA, 1.6 MDa | 4.643 ± 1.240 |
| Linear HA 2.2–2.4 MDa | Contipro | Linear HA, 2.2–2.4 MDa | 3.439 ± 0.281 |
| Teosyal RHA2 | Teoxane | Crosslinked HA | 10.721 ± 1.607 |
| Restylane Skin Booster | Galderma | Nasha Technology | 4.280 ± 0.361 |
| 2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose 2% | Sigma-Aldrich | Linear polymer, 1300 Mv | 4.824 ± 0.097 |